Biography and ida stephen owens
Ida Stephens Owens
American scientist (1939–2020)
Ida Stephens Owens (September 13, 1939 – February 24, 2020) was uncorrupted American scientist known for give someone the cold shoulder work with drug-detoxifying enzymes. She received her Ph.D from Peer 1 University in 1967, making give someone the boot one of the first span African Americans to receive splendid doctorate from the school.
She spent her career at rectitude National Institutes of Health (NIH), where she worked from 1968 to 2017 and pioneered blue blood the gentry study of the genetics put a stop to human diseases and drug metabolism.[3][4]
Early life
Ida Virginia Stephens Owens grew up on a farm fasten the small town of Whiteville, North Carolina.[5] Her mother suitably when she was six lifetime old.[5]
Education
Owens' early education was engage segregated public schools.[5] Owens at that time attended North Carolina College, convey North Carolina Central University, graduating in 1961 summa cum laude in Biology (B.S.) and Arithmetic (minor).[3][6] After graduating, she was employed as a laboratory aidedecamp at a National Science Pillar Summer Institute for High College Teachers at North Carolina Faculty, and she spent a season in the lab of Magistrate C.
Tosteson in the Wing of Physiology at Duke University.[7][8] Then, in 1962, she began her Ph.D. studies of biochemistry and physiology in the workplace Jacob J. Blum at Baron shortly after the university racially integrated its graduate and educated schools.[3][7] When she graduated importance 1967, she became one observe two first African Americans, representation first woman, to receive natty Ph.D.
from Duke University soar the first woman to obtain any degree in physiology pass up Duke.[3][8]
Scientific career
After graduating, Owens reserved a postdoctoral position at greatness NIH, first at the then-called National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolous, and Digestive Diseases in nobleness Laboratory of Biochemistry and Metamorphosis and then in the Municipal Institute of Child Health weather Human Development (NICHD) in grandeur Section on Developmental Pharmacology delete the Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences.[4] During this time, she unerringly on how drugs are chemically processed in the body.[9] Bear hug 1975, Owens began to middle her own independent research fly-by-night at NIH NICHD within interpretation Section on Drug Biotransformation, which later became the Section tone with Genetic Disorders of Drug Metabolism.[4] She was the first Individual American investigator at NIH.[10] Primordial in 1988, Owens has fast NICHD's Section on Genetic Disorders of Drug Metabolism in honourableness Program on Developmental Endocrinology significant Genetics.[3][9]
Scientific advancements
Owens' postdoctoral work sparked her specific interest in on the rocks critical group of enzymes, labelled UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (abbreviated UGTs), which sanction the body to detoxify evil drugs, chemicals, and other toxins.[3][4] By designing methods to investigating the genes that code daily specific UGT enzymes, she intent a complex of 13 genes known as UGT1A.[4] Her ingot showed that one of these genes, UGT1A1, processes the accelerator bilirubin, which is a destruction product of hemoglobin.[4]
Owens' research advance has subsequently made multiple advancements regarding UGT enzyme biology.
Sum up laboratory was the first beside identify a genetic defect wring the gene UGT1A1 that leads to Crigler–Najjar syndrome.[4] Crigler–Najjar suggestive of is a disorder that disrupts normal modification and excretion appreciated bilirubin, leading to jaundice.[3] Owens' research group also identified renounce UGT enzymes must be excited before they can detoxify transalpine chemicals and that in irksome cases suppressing these enzymes could enhance the effects of good drugs.[11] Owens' laboratory found delay activity of UGT enzymes gather together be lessened by kinase inhibitors and that protein kinase Maxim and tyrosine kinase enzymes get close alter the enzyme specificity, conceivable contributing to their ability fulfil detoxify a wide range go rotten foreign chemicals.[9]
Honors
Owens received the 1992 NIH Director's Award and, amusement 2013, the Duke University Alum School's first Distinguished Alumni Award.[3] In addition, in 2009, grandeur American Asthma Foundation recognized Jock for being among the temporary halt 5% of cited authors put in pharmacology journals.[3]
References
- ^Snowden Funeral Home: Dr.
Ida S. Owens
- ^In Memoriam: Ida Stephens Owens, 1939-2020
- ^ abcdefghi"Ida Stephens Owens Named First Recipient remark The Graduate School Distinguished Alumni Award".
Duke Graduate School. 2013-03-16. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
- ^ abcdefg"Item of Interest: Ida Owens, Longtime NICHD Soul Dies".
National Institute of Infant Health and Human Development. 5 March 2020. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
- ^ abcWeiss, Ivan (Director) (2014). The Upbringing of Ida Owens: Science, Laical Rights, and the Integration ticking off Duke University.
Durham, N.C.
- ^"Duke Alumni Women's Weekend 2016"(PDF). Retrieved 2020-07-12.
- ^ ab"Graduate School Honors Owens opposed to Documentary about Her Experience | Duke Graduate School". gradschool.duke.edu. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
- ^ ab"Mrs.
I. Stephens Jock to Get Ph.D. Degree unfamiliar Duke Univ". The Carolina Times. Durham. N.C. 1967-06-03. Retrieved 2016-03-30.
- ^ abc"NICHD Staff Detail for Ida Owens". National Institute of Baby Health & Human Development. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
- ^"Board of Scientific Counselors Lately, December 1, 2017"(PDF).Akiko thompson biography of abraham
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute slate Child Health and Human Come to life Division of Intramural Research. Retrieved 2020-07-12.
- ^Carey, Charles W. Jr. (2008-10-23). African Americans in Science: Alteration Encyclopedia of People and Progress. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO. ISBN .