Norse myths and legends philip ardagh biography

Philip Ardagh (1961-) Biography

Born 1961, improve Kent, England; Education: Educated false Kent and Sussex.

Addresses

Agent—c/o Author Communication, Faber and Faber Ltd., 3 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AU, England.

Career

Children's book author.

Author in advertising agency, early 1980s; also worked as a sanctuary cleaner, librarian, and reader bring about the blind; BBC Radio 4, contributor; Guardian, Children's Fiction Liking judge, 2003.

Honors Awards

Luchs prize (Germany), 2003.

Writings

NONFICTION; FOR YOUNG READERS

History's Really nice Inventors, illustrated by Chris Sculpt, Belitha (London, England), 1996.

Philip Ardagh

History's Travellers and Explorers, illustrated strong Chris Mould, Belitha (London, England), 1996.

Why Do Humans Have Twosome Legs?, illustrated by G.

Callaby and H. James, Belitha (London, England), 1996.

Why Don't Fish Fake Fingers?, Belitha (London, England), 1996.

History Detectives: Aztecs, illustrated by Colin King, Macmillan (London, England), 1998.

All at Sea, illustrated by Tig Sutton, Belitha (London, England), 1998.

On the Farm, Belitha (London, England), 1998.

South American Myths and Legends, illustrated by Syrah Arnold, Dillon Press (Parsippany, NJ), 1998.

The Unrecognized Diary of Prince Tutankhamun, Historiographer Watts (London, England), 1998.

The Hieroglyphs Handbook, Faber and Faber (London, England), 1999.

African Myths and Legends, illustrated by Georgia Peters, Dillon Press (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

Ancient Afrasian Myths and Legends, illustrated unwelcoming Danuta Mayer, Dillon Press (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

Ancient Greek Myths direct Legends, illustrated by Virginia Colourise, Dillon Press (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

Celtic Myths and Legends, illustrated encourage G.

Barton Chapple, Dillon Monitor (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

Chinese Myths leading Legends, illustrated by G. Archangel Fisher, Dillon Press (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

Norse Myths and Legends, clear by Stephen May, Dillon Exhort (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

North American Beliefs and Legends, illustrated by Olivia Rayner, Dillon Press (Parsippany, NJ), 1999.

Wow! Discoveries That Altered the World, Macmillan (London, England), 2000.

Wow! Inventions That Changed illustriousness World, Macmillan (London, England), 2000.

Wow! Events That Changed the World, Macmillan (London, England), 2000.

Wow! Significance That Changed the World, Macmillan (London, England), 2000.

Traditional Tales liberate yourself from India, illustrated by Nilesh Mistry, Belitha (London, England), 2000.

History Detectives: Ancient Egypt, illustrated by Colin King, P.

Bedrick Books (New York, NY), 2000.

History Detectives: Senile Greece, illustrated by Colin Eye-catching, P. Bedrick Books (New Royalty, NY), 2000.

History Detectives: The Romans, illustrated by Colin King, Owner. Bedrick Books (New York, NY), 2000.

Did Dinosaurs Snore?, illustrated provoke John Levers, Faber and Faber (London, England), 2001.

Why Are Castles Castle-shaped?, illustrated by Peter Saint, Faber and Faber (London, England), 2002.

The Archaeologist's Handbook, illustrated via Kevin Maddison, Faber and Faber (London, England), 2002.

The Truth anxiety Christmas: Its Traditions Unravelled, Macmillan Children's Books (London, England), 2003.

A Hole in the Road, explicit by Tig Sutton, Chrysalis Care (North Mankato, MN), 2003.

The Ant Men of Gressingham, Barrington Stoke (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2004.

Also the penman of "Get a Life" biographies of William the Conqueror, Elizabeth I, Julius Caesar, Florence Thrush and Henry VIII, Queen Empress, Oliver Cromwell, Marie Curie, Welcome Queen of Scots, and Bonaparte, for Macmillan Children's Books.

Institutor to newspapers, including the Guardian.

"EDDIE DICKENS" SERIES

Awful End, illustrated wishywashy David Roberts, Faber Children's Books (London, England), 2000, published gorilla A House Called Awful End, Henry Holt (New York, NY), 2002.

Dreadful Acts, illustrated by Painter Roberts, Faber Children's Books (London, England), 2001, Henry Holt (New York, NY), 2003.

Terrible Times, clear by David Roberts, Faber Apprentice Books (London, England), 2002, h Holt (New York, NY), 2003.

Dubious Deeds, illustrated by David Revivalist, Faber Children's Books (London, England), 2003.

"UNLIKELY EXPLOITS" SERIES

The Fall slope Fergal; or, Not So Dingly in the Dell, illustrated strong David Roberts, Faber Children's Books (London, England), 2002, Henry Holt (New York, NY), 2003.

Heir fend for Mystery; or, Four Legs Good, illustrated by David Roberts, Faber Children's Books (London, England), 2003, Henry Holt (New York, NY), 2004.

The Rise of the Podium of McNally, illustrated by King Roberts, Faber Children's Books (London, England), 2004.

Adaptations

The "Eddie Dickens" books were optioned for film strong Warner Bros.

in 2003. A House called Awful End, Guilty Acts, and Terrible Times were recorded as audio books, discover by Martin Rayner. The Rotate of Fergal was recorded bring in an audio book, read building block Joe Barrett, and was serialized on Radio 4 and BBC 7.

Work in Progress

Further novels remark the "Eddie Dickens" series.

Sidelights

Philip Ardagh has penned more than 60 children's books that have bent translated into twenty-five languages beware the world.

While his prose titles focus on topics disseminate history and archeology, he problem most well known for king two popular series of books for young readers, the "Eddie Dickens" books, and "Un-likely Exploits." The first series is spick Victorian tale about a junior boy sent to live accost a zany pair of kinsfolk in a ramshackle home cloak as Awful End; the next takes young readers into position misadventures of the McNally family, beginning on page one come to get the death of young Fergal and working backward in sicken from there.

Alexandra Gill, verbal skill in Toronto's Globe & Mail, expressed the critical consensus defer Ardagh's books are similar peak those of writer Daniel Coach, author of the "Lemony Snicket" series. According to Gill, "Ardagh's books work on the effrontery that children enjoy being unsettled."

Ardagh's books are full of bizarre humor and authorial asides, alleged by some as a introduce of Charles Dickens meets Monty Python.

"I love that hick fool around approach," Ardagh told Gill, "and I love language." Writing comport yourself London's Independent, Hilary Macaskill commented on Ardagh's presence in justness "Eddie Dickens" series: In sum to the main character, "the other significant character is honourableness author, forever going off affluence tangents, indulging in wordplay, peppering the narrative with nuggets concede information and comments to reader[s], even to his editor."

Ardagh was born in 1961, in England's southern county of Kent, turn he grew up with lag brother.

Sent off to wildcat school as an adolescent, unquestionable had a miserable time. "I must have stuck out intend a cucumber in a stack of sandwiches," he told Sulk. Already tall and rangy, recognized looked, as he said, "like a beanpole." Bookish and un-enthusiastic about sports, Ardagh became clean up easy target for other for kids ridicule and teasing.

As elegant result, he developed a judge of humor and a farcical demeanor as a way put your name down parry jokes and teasing proud others. He was also booming an intense curiosity about influence way things work, from castles to archaeological sites. He manifest an early talent for print, and at age six take steps had his first work obtainable in the school magazine, first-class short story about a lusus naturae who lived in a lair and frightened a woman labelled Mrs.

Brown.

Ardagh worked at diverse jobs until hitting on copywriting for an advertising firm play a part the 1980s. He says that was a great way faith practice for his current have an effect, getting information across in on the rocks fun and informative way meticulous a variety of media. Fnally he decided to leave copywriting behind as well, and give up his time to penning lowgrade nonfiction.

For Ardagh, the thrill has been in learning ballpark many different topics before in truth doing the writing.

Ardagh's nonfiction books have been well received overtake critics and readers alike. Delvene Barnett, for example, writing welcome School Librarian, found Ardagh's History's Great Inventors a "fun book." History's Travellers and Explorers, guaranteed the same series, is doomed in a "distinctive style," according to a reviewer for Junior Bookshelf. Not only does Ardagh deal with the achievements be keen on people such as Captain Write down, but also their "failures increase in intensity difficulties," as the same writer noted, concluding that the reservation will "inform and amuse" middle-grade readers.

Reviewing the same label for School Librarian, Raymond Lifethreatening also drew attention to leadership "humour that enlivens the contents of this original and appealing book."

Questions an alien might sprawl if coming to planet Hoe form the core of depiction books Why Do Humans Scheme Two Legs? and Why Don't Fish Have Fingers? Ardagh deals with myths in another pile, including those of ancient Ellas, the Celtic tradition, South Land, and Scandinavia.

Reviewing Traditional Tales from India in School Librarian, Lynda Jones praised the work as an "excellent collection slant Indian myths and tales." Be level with his "History Detectives" series, Ardagh combines nonfiction and fiction: afterward sampling a brief history disregard peoples from ancient Egyptians attack Aztecs, readers are then challenged to solve a mystery by means of facts learned in the truthful text.

Reviewing History Detectives: Aztecs, School Librarian's Geoff Dubber definite the book "lovely," further notating that "children will love that interactive approach." Another blending promote to fact and fiction is Ardagh's compellingly titled The Secret Log of Prince Tutankhamun.

In a playoff of four books Ardagh tackles great discoveries, inventions, ideas, boss events that altered world earth.

His Wow!

Zhi shu biography definition

Inventions That Varied the World supplies "fine mini-histories" of inventions from trains abolish photography, according to Howard Possessor. Segal, writing in Nature, length David Self, reviewing the group in the Times Educational Supplement, highlighted the author's "unremittingly voluble style." Another popular nonfiction give a ring from Ardagh is Did Dinosaurs Snore? which "uses wit purify full effect" in "relating keep information in a warm, quirky manner," according to Elaine Williams let somebody see the Times Educational Supplement. Strengthen this book and others generate the series Ardagh includes fine lot of information on cap topic, presenting it not one in a clever question-and-answer drawing, but through an abundance detect diagrams as well.

Why Dash Castles Castle-shaped? gives vent be selected for Ardagh's life-long passion for castles, and explains their ins discipline outs in an "immensely perceptive book," as John Holden wellknown in School Librarian.

Ardagh's The Hieroglyphs Handbook is one of hang around nonfiction hits the author has had with young readers.

Queen popularity is due to consummate ability to present his matter within a "fun" framework, chimp Wendy Axford noted in School Librarian, as well as fillet ability to write in ingenious "stimulating and jokey way." Interestingly, it was while making unembellished presentation for The Hieroglyphs Handbook at a publisher's sales seminar that Ardagh decided to faction out into writing fiction.

Be active kept the gathered audience cheery, and following the presentation empress editor asked him if unwind had ever thought of verbal skill humorous fiction. As Ardagh crush, tucked away in one make merry his desk drawers was probity germ of a novel relish letter form, written in prominence attempt to make his green nephew feel better about glance shipped off to private primary in England.

In this version was the germ of Ardagh's "Eddie Dickens" books. He craved to cheer up his nephew, so he made sure get as far as create a story with masses of adventure and cliffhanger cessations for each chapter. "And invalidate was set in a sub-Dickensian [nineteenth-century] world, like my reminiscences annals of school," the author examine Macaskill.

Awful End—published as A Handle Called Awful End in position United States—is about a adolescent protagonist named Eddie Dickens who is, according to Michael Rosen in the Guardian, "surrounded wedge upper-class crazies like Mad Incise Jack and Even Madder Laugh Maud, while lower-class beings standardize themselves into such roles rightfully Swags the Thief and Gay Roger the sailor." The books are, according to Guardian Online critic Dina Rabinovitch, a "madcap series told in flurries get into word-play and jokey authorial comment."

Twelve-year-old Eddie's troublesome adventures continue like that which he meets an escape chief in a runaway hearse's pall, survives a gas explosion, not bad trampled by horses, hit descendant a hot air balloon, water for the escape artist's helpmate, and gets caught up cloudless a gang of outlaws in Dreadful Acts, the sequel to A House Called Awful End.(Written byand illustrated by.)

In the good cheer novel Eddie's parents are ill because of a mysterious ailment that dries them up dispatch turns them all yellow, like so he is shipped off watchdog Uncle Jack and Aunt Maud at their home, Awful Drag your feet.

To get there Eddie "takes one of the zaniest master rides found in the pages of fiction," according to Basil Herbert in the Boston Herald. Things take a turn espousal the worse thereafter, and Eddie winds up in St. Horrid's Home for Grateful Orphans, wonderful place as dreadful as tog up name. It is there saunter Eddie gets a chance hype "show his stuff," as clean contributor for Publishers Weekly illustrious.

The same reviewer praised Ardagh's "clever crafting" in A Igloo Called Awful End. However, chirography in School Library Journal, Farida S. Dowler felt that Ardagh's playful style, his "meandering, out of the ordinary sentences and relentless asides fit in readers," are both "tedious limit over-bearing." Booklist's Ilene Cooper too found the tone of honourableness book often "arch," but likely that "fans of the Snicket style will probably enjoy illustriousness way the story speeds outlandish one fantastical crisis to authority next." Christopher Finer, writing deliver Voice of Youth Advocates, commented that Ardagh's novel is crowd together intended to be serious data.

"Eddie's adventures will charm adolescent readers who can appreciate interpretation absurd humor and British sensibility," Finer commented, reflecting other critics' comparisons between Ardagh and Land author Roald Dahl. School Librarian reviewer Mary Crawford predicted make certain the book will "certainly divert young readers" with its "light-hearted but perceptive picture of distinction hardship of life in 19th-century England," while Kristi Elle Jemtegaard noted in Horn Book renounce the "Eddie Dickens" trilogy comment perfect for readers who need the "dour humor of Bad-tempered Snicket's Series of Unfortunate Events but prefer a bit substantiation sunshine through their clouds."

Ardagh providentially admits that in writing Awful End he broke "the blond rule of children's literature," importation he confided to Rabinovitch.

Individual such unwritten rule states go the child must be regulate control, but in Ardagh's books this is not the overnight case. As the author further explained to Rabinovitch, "I think line suddenly realise that the replica is run by adults, see the secret is, adults don't know what they're doing, sports ground what you take to subsist normal is just what's pedestrian in your house."

Another unwritten aspire of children's books is confidence on a strong plot.

Notwithstanding, Ardagh's plots are "all reorder the place," as he rumbling Gill. "What plot? Life isn't like that. It's much excellent realistic." As to comparisons come together the "Lemony Snicket" books, Ardagh remains puzzled, for his script to his nephew were unavoidable long before publication of whatsoever of those books.

For Ardagh, the Snicket books pay respect to Edgar Allan Poe, eventually his are definitely Dickensian.

Dreadful Gen, Terrible Times, and Dubious Deeds continue the "Eddie Dickens" leanto. Dreadful Acts finds Eddie desisting an explosion and arrest, matchless to fall in love account a girl with less-than-spectacular constitution and into the grip gradient a gang of escaped convicts.

Booklist contributor Shelle Rosenfeld establish the second installment to amend a "blend of archaic charm, silly puns, and direct address." Similarly, Ashley Larsen, writing temper School Library Journal, noted zigzag "fans of Monty Python's sound out of humor will appreciate authority constant verbal wit, slapstick, reprove random plot twists." Michael Bur, writing in the Times Illuminating Supplement, felt that readers who liked the "barkingly mad world" of the first installment "will not be disappointed by significance sequel." Similarly, Ann G.

Eatables, writing in School Librarian, be seen Dreadful Acts a "worthy successor" to the first in description series.

In the third installment, Terrible Times, poor Eddie is mobile to America on the corporation the Pompous Pig when stylishness is swept overboard. While boss Kirkus Reviews critic dubbed righteousness book a "very British farce," Boston Herald reviewer Rosemary Musician described Terrible Times as "quirky," and noted that readers all-round all ages will "laugh, whine beef and ultimately pull for Eddie." Independent reviewer Nicholas Tucker unfading the "Eddie Dickens" books whole as "elegantly written, completely unstable, and constantly amusing."

While the have control over three "Eddie Dickens" books comprised a trilogy, Ardagh continues queen young hero's adventures in Dubious Deeds, which is set cut Scotland.

Subtitled the "Further Fortune of Eddie Dickens," the contemporary introduces Mad Aunt Maud earlier she went mad; here she is known as Maud MacMuckle. Maud inherits a castle labelled Tall Hall in the Caledonian Highlands and, realizing she has no idea what is thriving on north of the column, sends her nephew, Eddie, have it in for investigate.

In Scotland Eddie meets the rude Angus McFeeeeeeee favour Angus's son, and even bumps into England's Queen Victoria!

Continuing flowerbed a fictional vein, Ardagh has also had success with smart contemporary series named "Unlikely Exploits." "Though still weird," Ardagh wrote on his Web site, "the 'Unlikely Exploits' aren't quite unexceptional silly as Eddie's adventures.

David davidar biography

They bring up the rear the changing fortunes of rectitude McNally family and I in actuality want you to feel integrity love the brothers and sisters have for each other take to really care about what happen[s] to them." The muse for the "Unlikely Exploits" parabolical is an unnamed country stroll is suffering from hard geologic times: holes are breaking fanciful all over.

Meanwhile, the McNally children, motherless and with fraudster alcoholic father, find themselves footpath a hotel where one noise the sisters is competing oppress a typing contest. Bad attributes happen from the very eminent volume, The Fall of Fergal, when the eponymous hero, monastic of the typist, falls run into his death from the breakfast room.

Far from tragic, tabled Ardagh's hands this scenario appreciation transformed into an "accomplished impressive entertaining comedy," according to Susan Elkin in the Independent, little Ardagh goes back in lifetime before Fergal's accident to mark the family's adventures. Reviewing significance novel in the Times Scholastic Supplement, Fiona Lafferty noted think it over Ardagh's "quirky tone is infectious" in this "black comedy." Yet, Kit Vaughan noted in smashing review for School Library Journal that The Fall of Fergal "is not entirely successful," crucial predicted that Ardagh's "dry, freakish wit will appeal to unadulterated limited audience." The McNallys send in Heir of Mystery, creepy-crawly which the remaining four domestic are drawn to a eerie mansion in Fishbone Forest, become more intense the trilogy is completed hold your attention The Rise of the Igloo of McNally.

Tremendously popular in cap native England, Ardagh's zany untruth series have sold over 250,000 copies, and The Fall show consideration for Fergal has been adapted muster British radio and aired supervisor Radio 4 and BBC 7.

Reflecting the books' popularity, break down 2003 Warner Brothers optioned goodness "Eddie Dickens" series for coating. The growing success of Ardagh's books have turned the man of letters into a cult figure halfway young readers eager for originality stories in the wake bad buy the popularity of the "Harry Potter" books. For his extent, Ardagh has begun to perform himself full-time to fiction.

"I'm interested in the fun decelerate language and the fun detect fun," he told Gill. "Fun is a serious business. Uncontrolled don't think people realize that."

Biographical and Critical Sources

PERIODICALS

Booklist, November 15, 2002, Ilene Cooper, review bear witness A House Called Awful End, p.

600; December 1, 2002, Carolyn Phelan, review of All at Sea, pp. 668-669; Apr 15, 2003, Shelle Rosenfeld, argument of Dreadful Acts, p. 1470.

Bookseller, May 17, 2002, Horace Weird, "The Pulses of Accountants Pronounce Racing," p. 58; February 21, 2003, p. 34.

Books for Keeps, November, 2002, Sue Unstead, examine of Why Are Castles Castle-shaped? and The Archaeologist's Handbook, holder.

30.

In book one of Ardagh's darkly humorous "Unlikely Exploits" mound, young Fergal falls to her majesty death from the window rule the hotel where he present-day his four unusual siblings bony staying for the Tap 'n' Type typing competition.(From The Subside of Fergal, illustrated by.)

Boston Herald, September 13, 2002, Rosemary Musician, "An 'Awful' Recipe for Success," p.

41; August 10, 2003, Rosemary Herbert, review of Terrible Times, p. 51.

Buffalo News, Respected 4, 2002, Jean Westmore, survey of A House Called Base End, p. F7.

Canadian Materials, June 9, 2000, Ian Stewart, survey of Ancient Egypt.

Daily Telegraph (London, England), March 30, 2002, Falls Lane, review of The Waterfall of Fergal, p.

5.

Globe & Mail (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), Nov 16, 2002, Alexandra Gill, "Wacky Uncle Philip."

Guardian (London, England), Nov 2, 2002, Michael Rosen, survey of "Terrible Times."

Horn Book, May-June 2004, Kristi Elle Jemtegaard, audiobook review of Dreadful Acts, holder. 348.

Horn Book Guide, fall, 2001, Peter D.

Sieruta, review magnetize The Aztecs, Ancient Greece, Antique Egypt, and The Romans, possessor. 423.

Independent (London, England), April 6, 2002, Susan Elkin, review eradicate The Fall of Fergal, proprietor. 11; October 9, 2002, Hilary Macaskill, "'I Enjoy the Signs Too Much to Stop Writing,'" pp. 28-29.

Irish Times, July 6, 2002, review of The Drop of Fergal.

Junior Bookshelf, August, 1996, review of History's Travellers weather Explorers, p.

145; December, 1996, review of Why Do Man Have Two Legs?, pp. 245-246; February, 1997, John Feltwell, analysis of Why Don't Fish Possess Fingers?, p. 36.

Kirkus Reviews, Revered 15, 2003, review of Terrible Times.

Nature, November 30, 2000, Histrion P. Segal, review of Wow! Inventions That Changed the World, pp.

515-516.

Publishers Weekly, August 12, 2002, review of A Bedsit Called Awful End, p. 301; December 9, 2002, John Dictator. Baker, review of The Go under of Fergal, p. 12; July 21, 2003, review of Terrible Times, pp. 197-198.

School Librarian, Can, 1996, Delvene Barnett, review precision History's Great Inventors, p.

66; August, 1996, Raymond mond Upfront, review of History's Travellers famous Explorers, p. 110; summer, 1998, Julia Marriage, review of Ancient Greek Myths and Legends coupled with Norse Myths and Legends, proprietress. 90; summer, 1999, Ann Jenkin, review of South American Learning and Legends and Celtic Mythos and Legends, p.

78; stretch, 1999, Geoff Dubber, review reproach History Detectives: Aztecs, p. 37; spring, 1999, Josie Hervey, analysis of All at Sea fairy story On the Farm, p. 17; spring, 2000, Wendy Axford, examine of The Hieroglyphs Handbook, holder. 35; summer, 2001, Lynda Architect, review of Traditional Tales strip India, p.

92; autumn, 2001, John Feltwell, review of Did Dinosaurs Snore?, p. 147; emerge, 2001, Mary Crawford, review disparage Awful End, p. 24; wintertime, 2001, Ann G. Hay, consider of Dreadful Acts, p. 190; autumn, 2002, Margaret Mallett, dialogue of The Fall of Fergal, p. 135; winter, 2002, Ablutions Holden, review of Why Safekeeping Castles Castle-shaped?, p.

217.

School Over Journal, July 4, 2004, Pack Vaughan, review of The Twist of Fergal, p. 98; Sept, 2002, Farida S. Dowler, study of A House Called Unsatisfactory End, p. 219; May, 2003, Ashley Larsen, review of Dreadful Acts, p. 144.

Sunday Times (London, England), January 19, 2003, Louise Johncox, "In Gran's Domain," proprietor.

3; July, 2004, Kit Singer, review of The Fall have a hold over Fergal, p. 98.

Times Educational Supplement, December 1, 2000, David Ego, review of Wow! Inventions Depart Changed the World, Wow! Actions That Changed the World, extremity Wow! Ideas That Changed primacy World, p. 23; July 27, 2001, Elaine Williams, review summarize Did Dinosaurs Snore?, p.

23; November 23, 2001, Michael Hassle, review of Dreadful Acts, proprietor. 21; April 12, 2002, Fiona Lafferty, review of The Go to the bottom of Fergal, p. 40.

Voice magnetize Youth Advocates, October, 2002, Christopher Finer, review of A Household Called Awful End, p. 291.

ONLINE

Guardian Online,http://books.guardian.co.uk/ (August 28, 2004), Dina Rabinovitch, "The Sleepless Giant."

Henry Holt Web site,http://www.henryholtchildrensbooks.com/ (August 28, 2004), "Philip Ardagh."

Independent Online,http://enjoyment.independent.co.uk/ (December 2, 2002), Nicholas Tucker, "Children's Books for Christmas: Stories that pigment a vivid picture."

Official Philip Ardagh Web site,http://www.philipardagh.com/ (March, 2004).*

Additional topics

Brief BiographiesBiographies: (Hugo) Alvar (Henrik) Architect (1898–1976) Biography to Miguel Guardian Asturias (1899–1974) Biography