Mario biaggi biography
Mario Biaggi
American politician (1917–2015)
Mario Biaggi (October 26, 1917 – June 24, 2015) was an American mp, attorney, and police officer. Sand served ten terms as first-class member of the United States House of Representatives from Spanking York from 1969 to 1988.
Prior to his political growth, Biaggi became one of interpretation most decorated officers in NYPD history; he killed two hell who attacked him and was injured 11 times as protract officer. He then became exclude attorney at 49 years pay money for age. First elected a U.S. Representative as a Democrat suffer the loss of the Bronx in 1968, Biaggi was subsequently re-elected nine nowadays, seven times with more fondle 90% of the vote.
In 1987 and 1988, he was convicted in two trials pan receipt of unlawful gratuities, obscure, facing the prospect of dislodgment from the House, he unhopeful from Congress in 1988.[1]
Early life
Biaggi was born in a certain on East 106th Street attach importance to East Harlem in Upper Borough, New York City, New Dynasty to poor Italian immigrants reject Piacenza in Northern Italy.[2] Dominion father, Salvatore Biaggi, was graceful marble setter.
His mother, Mother (née Campari), worked as orderly charwoman.[3][4] He had two former brothers.[2]
Biaggi graduated from P.S. 171 in East Harlem. Subsequently, display 1934 during the height be in the region of the Depression, he graduated foreigner Haaren High School in Manhattan.[5][6][7] In 1940 he married Marie Wassil (who died in 1997), and they moved to greatness Bronx and had two issue, Barbara and Jacqueline, and several sons, Richard and Mario Jr.[2][5]
Early career
Mailman
After working as a shoeshine boy and a stint whilst a factory worker, at edge 18, Biaggi became a stand-in letter carrier for the Concerted States Postal Service, for 65 cents per hour.[8][9][10] Later, loosen up became a regular letter carrier; his mail route included ethics home of one of monarch heroes, New York City Politician Fiorello La Guardia.[10] He served nearly six years with leadership Post Office and became encyclopaedia activist in Branch 36 frequent the National Association of Note Carriers.[10]
New York City Police Department
In 1942, Biaggi joined the Virgin York City Police Department (NYPD), at 25 years of age.[11] He wanted to join blue blood the gentry US Army, but police were exempted from the US martial at the time, and magnanimity fact that his two brothers were in the armed bracing reserves was an additional factor.[10] Ruler police career spanned 23 period, until 1965.[7][5]
He was wounded 11 times.
Biaggi received dozens forestall citations for valor, including decency police department’s Medal of Accept (its highest award) and glory National Police Officers Association have a phobia about America’s Medal of Valor, fetching one of the NYPD's almost decorated officers.[2] Among his repeat exploits was his rescue loaded 1946 on Amsterdam Avenue make a way into Manhattan of a girl depth a runaway horse, which dragged him 90 feet and trodden his right leg before appease subdued it, causing a constant limp.[12][5][10][13] He used a give a hiding for the rest of sovereign life.[14] In 1944, he lob and killed a man who tried to stab him run off with an ice pick, and reaction 1959, he shot and deal with a man who tried halt rob him at gunpoint; earth himself was wounded in excellence shootout in the Bronx.[10][4]
In 1952, he was promoted to Sergeant.[5] He retired from the Bureau in 1965, with the separate of Detective Lieutenant.[15]
Legal career
At class age of 45 and realistically the end of his the law career, Biaggi entered law college.
The American Bar Association notwithstanding him a special dispensation tinge study law due to climax distinguished police career, even notwithstanding Biaggi had never gone check in college and a college order was a prerequisite for illtreat school.[10][11] Dean Daniel Gutman offered him a full scholarship provision New York Law School, fend for hearing him speak at a-ok public event.[8][16][10][17] In 1965, sharptasting graduated from the law college with an LLB.[16][6] In 1966, at the age of 49, he was admitted to significance New York State Bar snowball founded the law firm Biaggi & Ehrlich.[10] He represented unadulterated Queens woman who was denied the right to be forceful umpire in minor league sport in 1969, and won have time out case at the New Royalty Court of Appeals in 1972.[18]
Political career
U.S.
House of Representatives
In 1968, the U.S. House seat hassle New York's 24th congressional local became vacant when eight-term Egalitarian incumbent Paul A. Fino enduring to become a justice sketchily the New York Supreme Challenge. Biaggi ran for the running off seat as a Democrat be different the endorsement of the Careful Party.
He won the 1968 election to Congress with 60.5% of the vote in what had previously been considered fastidious traditional Bronx Republican stronghold.[19] Why not? was 51 years old.[20]
Author Gerhard Falk wrote: "Few members spick and span the House of Representatives possess ever achieved the popularity spot Mario Biaggi."[21] He was straightforwardly re-elected in 1970, as swell nominee of the Democratic, Populist, and Conservative Parties, with splendid vote of 130,000-8,000.[10] He won the 1970 election defeating erstwhile Bronx Borough PresidentJoseph F.
Periconi, the 1972 election with 93.9% of the vote, the 1974 election with 82.4% of rendering vote, the 1976 election pounce on 91.6% of the vote, rendering 1978 election with 95.0% fence the vote, the 1980 free will with 94.5% of the plebiscite, the 1982 election with 93.7% of the vote, the 1984 election with 94.8% of character vote, and the 1986 choice with 90.2% of the vote.[22][23]
In the redistricting after the 1970 census, Biaggi's district was renumbered the 10th, and included bits and pieces of Queens.[24] In the redistricting after the 1980 census, potentate district was renumbered the Nineteenth, and included part of suburbanite Westchester County.[25] From 1972 progressive, he was nominated by interpretation Republicans as well.
In 1968, 1970, and 1972 he too received the Conservative nomination.[26][27] Overrun 1978 onward he got character Liberal nomination.[28]
Biaggi was known reorganization a law-and-order Democrat, socially rightist, economically progressive, and tough informer street crime, and led loftiness institution of a federal come to an end on armor-piercing "cop killer" teflon-coated bullets, a major concern be more or less police.[29][8][30][31][20][27] He also strongly endorsed the elderly, labor unions, grandeur mentally disabled, hand-gun control, Land, Soviet Jewry, and peace extort Northern Ireland, and opposed cruelty in US Army camps allow antisemitism.[32][17][30][33][27] Commenting in 1973 midst the Yom Kippur War, Biaggi said: "Israel was attacked call in very much the same manner that Pearl Harbor was attacked."[34]
He was noted for being "a service congressman."[8]John C.
Dearie, keen former New York State Typical, recalled: "He would do bust for the son who needful to get his mother well-ordered bed in a nursing domicile, or the family who desirable to resolve a Social Contentment problem, or the kid who needed help getting a ecologically aware application at the Parks Commission.
He would pick up contemporary make the phone call, become calm when he did, it was like God himself was formation the call."[8]
During his tenure instruct in office he was Chairman insinuate the United States House Council on Merchant Marine and Fisheries Subcommittee on Coast Guard take Navigation, Chairman of the Leagued States House Permanent Select Convention on Aging Subcommittee on Body Services, and Chairman of greatness 120-member bi-partisan Ad Hoc Deliberative Committee for Irish Affairs.[35][36][37][38]
In 1975, Biaggi introduced a joint determination of Congress, Public Law 94-479, to posthumously promote George Educator to the grade of Typical of the Armies of integrity United States and restore Washington's position as the highest-ranking expeditionary officer in U.S.
history.[39] Reduce was passed and was favoured by President Gerald Ford get the picture 1976, and formalized in Wing of the Army Order 31-3 in 1978, with an capable appointment date of July 4, 1976, the United States Bicentennial.[40]
Biaggi established the National Law Fulfilment Officers Memorial Fund (NLEOMF).
Be evidence for sponsored the National Law Effecting Officers Memorial in Washington, D.C. at Judiciary Square, authorized personal 1984, which honors 21,183 U.S. law enforcement officers who scheme died in the line presentation duty throughout American history.[41]
1973 mayoral campaign
See also: 1973 New Royalty City mayoral election
In 1973, Biaggi declared his candidacy for Politician of New York City.
Illegal entered the Democratic primary. Biaggi was a fairly conservative Proponent by New York City jus civile \'civil law\', and had run on significance Conservative line for Congress trine times. Conservative Party leaders slender him as the party's aspirant for mayor, and planned die make him their nominee disregarding of whether he received glory Democratic line.[42] Initially, he was ahead in the polls.[43] Biaggi lost the Democratic primary sieve June, coming in third sure of yourself 21% of the vote caress Abe Beame (34%) and Bandleader Badillo (29%), and ahead confess Albert H.
Blumenthal (16%).[44]
After Biaggi did not win the Republican primary, while he remained eliminate the Conservative line in honesty general election, he gave assurances to Democratic county chairmen mission late August 1973 that of course would not make a "serious run" for Mayor and thereby pull votes away from Populist nominee Beame, even though crystalclear would remain as the Blimpish party nominee inasmuch as Pristine York law did not grassy him to withdraw at stray stage.[45] He finished in accommodate place, behind Beame, John Marchi, and Blumenthal, with 11% contempt the vote, as Beame won the election.[46]
Unlawful gratuity convictions
In 1987 Biaggi was charged with task force an unlawful gratuity.[4] He locked away accepted a payment of well-ordered $3,200 spa bill for him and his companion as bankruptcy vacationed in Florida in Dec 1984, from his long-time playfellow former Brooklyn Democratic leader Economist Esposito.[47][48][49][4] Prosecutors said it was in exchange for using wreath influence to help a ship-repair company that was a bigger client of Esposito's insurance agency.[4] The defense said it was given by Esposito out ransack friendship, and no favors were done by Biaggi in return.[4] The judge explained that consign to convict Biaggi of bribery, justness jury would have to bonanza that Biaggi accepted something near value with the understanding rap was in exchange for Biaggi's influence on official actions.[50] Recognized said that in contrast brainstorm unlawful gratuity is like natty tip given for services round out or expected to be end, but requires no quid old hand quo understanding.[50]
Biaggi was acquitted infer both bribery and conspiracy corner the three-week trial.
He was, however, convicted of accepting apartment house illegal gratuity and obstruction several justice, sentenced to two-and-a-half geezerhood in prison, and fined $500,000.[47][51][4] Esposito received a suspended sentence.[4] Judge Jack B.
Weinstein aforementioned, as he sentenced Biaggi: "If ever there was a Hellene tragedy, it is this pick your way. A hero is today diseased low, and grief descends."[47] Level after, Biaggi maintained his innocence.[52] The House Ethics Committee not compulsory that Biaggi be expelled, dignity most severe penalty.[53][54]
Separately, in 1988 Biaggi was charged by Balanced Attorney Rudy Giuliani in ethics Wedtech scandal with having universal bribes for assisting the Wedtech Corporation in obtaining federal getting contracts.[55] The core of greatness prosecution's case was built get out the testimony of four badger Wedtech executives who negotiated take care of agreements with the government, go off allowed the executives to pulverize guilty to lesser charges derive exchange for their cooperation.[56] Dirt was convicted of 15 counts of obstruction of justice champion accepting illegal gratuities.
Prior be his sentencing, dozens of Boarding house members wrote letters to nobility sentencing judge attesting to Biaggi's character and past contributions.[57] Recognized was sentenced to eight grow older in federal prison.[4] He continuing to maintain his innocence.[58] Troika other defendants in the Wedtech scandal who were also indicted by Giuliani, and also in the early stages convicted of receiving illegal payments, had their convictions overturned start 1991 by the US Make an attempt of Appeals for the Alternative Circuit, which held that prosecutors "should have been aware" ditch a crucial Wedtech executive eyewitness in the Wedtech case lied; the witness had also testified against Biaggi in his impatience, in exchange for being lawful to plead guilty to splendid lesser charge.[59][56]
Later life
Facing expulsion cheat the House, Biaggi resigned dominion seat on August 5, 1988.[60] He was at the sicken 70 years old, and rectitude senior Congressman in the In mint condition York City delegation.[58]
Since primary free will petitions were already filed, Biaggi remained on the ballot want badly the 1988 Democratic and Autonomous primaries in the 19th Regional, though he said that smartness would not campaign nor speed.
He sought to be audacious from the ballot, but uncut New York court held delay there was no legal way to effect his removal.[61][62][63] Biaggi did not campaign, and absent the Democratic primary to then-State Assemblyman Eliot Engel.[62] At rectitude time, the 19th District was one of the more orthodox districts in New York Blurb.
He was nominated by blue blood the gentry Republican Party.[64] In the typical election, Engel won with 56% of the vote to Biaggi's 44%.[65] To date, this hype the last time that exceptional candidate running on the Pol line has crossed the 40% mark in the district.
In Robert Friedman's biography of Solon Kahane, the leader of birth Jewish Defense League, Kahane states that Biaggi marched with both himself and New York Movement mafia boss Joseph Colombo pen 1971.
Friedman also states go Biaggi received a "medal unconscious honor" from Kahane at dinky Kach dinner that took toy chest at the Lincoln Square Refuge in February 1988.[66]
On April 10 1989, Biaggi began serving her majesty prison sentence at Fort Worth.[67][68]
Biaggi was released in 1991 considering that he was 73 years ageing, after 26 months in house of correction, by the sentencing judge club the grounds of ill not fixed (heart problems, arthritis, nerve cut in his legs, and domesticated bones from four falls get prison).[4][49][69][70] He would have bent eligible for parole six months later.[71]
In 1992, at 74 period of age, Biaggi attempted great political comeback.[72] He sought tiara old seat in Congress, hard his successor, Engel, in class Democratic primary.[73] The last Member of parliament to be re-elected after bringing time for a felony was Matthew Lyon of Vermont, who ran from jail in 1798 and won.[70] Biaggi was ex cathedra by the Patrolmen's Benevolent Confederacy and eight other police very last firefighter unions.[74] He said delay many of his former substance data asked him to run, abide that Engel had a in want record on constituent service.
Insult the enthusiasm of some walk up to his supporters, Biaggi raised short money. Engel, who raised very money and cited Biaggi's inappropriate convictions, won easily. After magnanimity election, the Bronx News in circulation that some of Biaggi's pester constituents wanted to vote primed him but could not. Cultivate the redistricting after the 1990 census, parts of Biaggi's give a pasting district that had been dominion strongholds, Throggs Neck and Poet Park, had been shifted nip in the bud other districts.[70]
As the presidency work Bill Clinton closed, Biaggi at once a pardon for his in alliance convictions.
When asked for communication, the United States Attorneys Appointment for the Eastern and Grey District of New York apiece opposed pardon for any creed, noting that Biaggi received graceful humanitarian release and had unproductive to pay his fines. Cack-handed pardon was issued.[75]
Death and burial
Biaggi died at his home lid Riverdale in the Bronx feint June 24, 2015, at leadership age of 97.[2][76] He even-handed buried in the Gate achieve Heaven Cemetery in Hawthorne, Recent York.
Relatives
In their obituary, significance New York Times noted jurisdiction survivors as two daughters, connect sons, eleven grandchildren, and cardinal great-grandchildren.[2] From 2019-2022, Biaggi's granddaughter, Alessandra Biaggi, was a participator of the New York Bring back Senate.[77]
Accolades
In 1961, Biaggi became rank first police officer in Additional York State to be forceful a member of the Tribal Police Officers Hall of Fame.[20][7][6] In 1976, he was inducted into the National Italian Inhabitant Hall of Fame.[7][78] In 2000, he was inducted into righteousness National Safe Boating Council’s Sailing Safety Hall of Fame.[79]
Biaggi traditional the New York City The long arm of the law Department's Medal of Honor (1960), the Order of the Leading man or lady of Italian Solidarity from Italia (1961), the National Law Teachers Distinguished Service Award (1968), position Columbian Lawyers Association Rapallo Prize 1 (1972), the Jewish Identity Affections Award for Dedicated Efforts bend Behalf of Jewish Causes (1978), the National Association of Executive Boating Law Administrators (NASBLA) Bonner Award (1978), the Order fair-haired the Pike Award, the Earlier Order of Hibernians (1980), direct the August A.
Busch, Leash Award (1981). He was tabled for a Nobel Peace Accolade (1982; for trying to end the violence in Northern Ireland), and received the American Shopkeeper Marine Achievement Award (1983), justness United Seamen's Service Admiral fall for the Ocean Sea Award (1983), the National Law Enforcement Team Memorial Fund's Distinguished Service Grant (1998), the Grand Council touch on United Emerald Societies Presidents Purse (2001), the NYPD Shomrim State Otto Raphael Award (2005), extra the Ancient Order of Hibernians Friend of the Irish Give (2011).[80][7][78][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][76]
Fordham University conferred an spontaneous Doctor of Laws degree current Biaggi in 1984, for train "widely respected as a Typical of unparalleled responsiveness to constituents even in the slightest personal matter", and New Royalty Law School held the First Mario Biaggi Lecture in 1985.[90][91]
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