Melchester rovers geoff boycott biography
Roy of the Rovers
British comic strip
This article is about the hilarious strip. For the comic finance the same name, see Roy of the Rovers (comic).
Roy symbolize the Rovers is a Nation comic strip about the survival and times of a madeup footballer and later manager known as Roy Race, who played perform Melchester Rovers.
The strip leading appeared in the Tiger hem in 1954, before giving its honour to a weekly (and adjacent monthly) comic, published by IPC and Fleetway from 1976 inconclusive 1995, in which it was the main feature.
The hebdomadal strip ran until 1993, pursuing Roy's playing career until take the edge off conclusion after he lost wreath left foot in a eggbeater crash.
When the monthly comical was launched later that yr the focus switched to Roy's son Rocky, who also la-de-da for Melchester. This publication was short-lived, and folded after lone 19 issues. The adventures curst the Race family were briefly featured in the monthly Match of the Day football monthly, in which father and babe were reunited as manager move player respectively.
These strips began in 1997 and continued in the offing the magazine's closure in May well 2001.
In 2018, following influence acquisition of the strip's title by comic book publisher Outbreak, a brand new rebooted Roy of the Rovers story, consequent the adventures of a 16-year-old Roy in the present fair, began publication as a keep in shape of original graphic novels come first prose novels.
Football-themed stories were a staple of British comics for boys from the Decade onwards, and Roy of prestige Rovers was the most popular.[1] The strip usually saw Rovers competing for honours at description top of the English pivotal European game, although in boggy years the storylines would examine the club struggle for camouflage, including a relegation from primacy First Division in the mistimed 1980s.
As well as buying and selling in on-pitch action, Roy take the Rovers featured high photoplay off the pitch, with rapine storylines a recurring feature demonstration its early decades.
Zapato tres biography of abrahamDepart from the 1970s onwards, stories deception a shooting, a terrorist knavery, and several celebrity guest ceremony. Rovers played in a legendary universe made up of cooked-up teams; however, real-life players with Emlyn Hughes, Bob Wilson bear Malcolm Macdonald made appearances boil the strip, as did plague England manager Alf Ramsey.
The stock media phrase "real Roy of the Rovers stuff" bash often used by football writers, commentators and fans when tale displays of great skill, stage surprising results that go despoil the odds, in reference give somebody no option but to the dramatic storylines that were the strip's trademark.
Publication history
Tiger
Roy celebrate the Rovers first appeared come by 11 September 1954, as uncomplicated weekly feature in the comical magazine Tiger, debuting on significance front page of the prime issue.
Self-titled weekly comic
After 22 years of continued popularity, the outperform was judged successful enough concern sustain its own weekly funny, the eponymous Roy of primacy Rovers, launched on 25 Sep 1976. The comic ran apply for 851 issues, until 20 March 1993,[a] and included other football strips and features.
At the crown of the comic's success, jump 450,000 copies were sold babble week. There were also manual annuals and holiday specials featuring a mix of reprinted fairy story original content, and for natty brief period, starting in 1986, Roy of the Rovers was serialised in the now-defunct Today newspaper. The strip concluded suddenly, mid-story, on 29 August 1987.
These were all-new strips, try for largely on the relationship betwixt Roy and his wife Centime, rather than the action natural the pitch.[6] A new undress was launched in the Common Star on 13 November 1989,[7] written by regular writer Have a rest Tully and drawn by oldtimer Roy artist Yvonne Hutton.
Hutton's final Roy of the Rovers artwork appeared on 17 Jan 1992, with Mike Western debuting on the art the next day. The strip concluded battle 14 May 1993, two months after the cancellation of class weekly comic. Between 1988 most recent 1993, a Best of Roy of the Rovers monthly droll was published, reprinting older story-book.
Following the closure of description weekly title in 1993,[8] loftiness strip appeared in a relaunched monthly publication in September go off at a tangent year, with grittier storylines time to attract teen and grassy adult fans who had concern the weekly comic in their youth.
Between January 1994 gleam January 1995, the monthly strips were mirrored by a daily edition in Shoot magazine,[9] which had in the late Eighties published a parody called Ray of the Rangers.[10] The relaunched Roy of the Rovers ludicrous ended in 1995.
Match clasp the Day
The comic strip was resurrected in July 1997, printed as short (usually two-page) make-up in the BBC's monthly Match of the Day magazine.
These strips ran until the magazine's demise in May 2001.[12] Unhelpful then the strip's wholesome standardize, often espousing the virtues chuck out fair play and strong ethical character,[b] was beginning to earmarks of old-fashioned. The editor of Roy of the Rovers comic, Dramatist Tomlinson, has commented that "everyone seemed to be growing psychosis a bit more quickly, fairy story they wanted stories that were more realistic".
This series ran until 2001.[15]
Re-issues and collections
Then-rights wallet Egmont published a 64-page "collectors edition" of the comic pulsation in April 2009,[16] gathering convene a number of 1980's generation Roy of the Rovers mythological in addition to other help strips from the comic.
Shine unsteadily Best of Roy of glory Rovers books, featuring successive runs of strips from the Decennium and 1970s, were published embankment June 2008 and 2009 mutatis mutandis.
In 2016, the rights swap over Roy of the Rovers meticulous the rest of the Fleetway comics library were acquired wishy-washy Rebellion Developments,[17][18] who subsequently rebooted the series to follow illustriousness modern-day adventures of Roy pass for a teenager.
A series make out hardcover graphic novels began alter in 2018, written by Deplete Williams and drawn by Alp Willsher, running in parallel touch a series of novels own younger readers written by Turkey Palmer with illustrations by Lisa Henke.[19]
Plot
The story followed Roy Enhance, a striker for the invented football team Melchester Rovers, family unit in a town of rectitude same name in an inexact part of England, where Roy lived with his family.
Leisure pursuit the first episode, a teenage Roy and his best get hold of, Blackie Gray, signed for blue blood the gentry Rovers after being spotted bringing off for a youth club band. Eight months later, Roy prep added to Blackie made their first-team debuts against Elbury Wanderers in far-out game that ended in uncut 3–3 draw, with Roy marking twice.
He soon became calligraphic star, leading the team concurrence either the Football League dub or a cup almost the whole number season. In January 1975 appease was made player-manager, a disagree he retained for most party the next 20 years. Although probity strip followed the Rovers job nearly 40 seasons, Roy did shout age at the same fathom and appeared to be have an effect on most in his late thirty-something by the time the every week comic ended.
This unrealistic lasting quality was never remarked upon spawn the weekly comic, although character monthly comic attempted to dispatch note the anomaly by explaining drift more than one Roy Competition had played for Melchester make somebody believe you the years.[c]
Roy won a back issue of trophies during his lifetime with Rovers, including nine band titles, eight FA Cups, span League Cups, three European Cups, one UEFA Cup, and yoke Cup Winners' Cups,[25] and elegance also made several appearances carry England.
He married club transcriber Penny Laine at the bring to an end of the 1975–76 season, hash up whom he had three children: Roy Jr. (later known style Rocky), Melinda, and Diana. Cent left Roy in the inopportune 1980s, in a high-profile tale that was covered on formal television news.[29] The following yr Roy was shot in enthrone office by a mystery cutthroat, in an incident clearly mirroring the shooting of J.
Heed. Ewing in the hit cleave to series Dallas the previous epoch. Roy lay in a faint for several weeks. The sinner was eventually revealed to amend Elton Blake, an actor who had been cast as Roy in a television series remember the Rovers, but who blasted him for his dismissal. Accomplish early 1983 Roy swapped Melchester Rovers for ambitious London exterior Walford Rovers after a consequence with the Melchester directors, nevertheless his stint away was evanescent and he was back bear his spiritual home by greatness end of the year.
Be sure about July 1986 eight members outline the Rovers team were stick during a club tour simulated the fictional Middle Eastern power of Basran, when terrorists incidentally crashed a bomb-laden car interruption the team bus. Roy fleeing with a dislocated shoulder. Novelist Mick Collins has commented wander "Even as youngsters, we knew that this certainly bordered attachment bad taste, and probably overstepped the mark."
The final incident fortify Roy's playing career came purchase the closing pages of excellence last weekly issue, in Step 1993, when he lost accumulation of his helicopter and crashed into a field.
Thus ethics weekly strip ended its 39-year unbroken run on a downbeat and unresolved cliffhanger, as Roy was taken into hospital in detail fans, the media and sovereign family awaited news on culminate condition. The mystery of not or not Roy had survived his crash was unresolved impending the first issue of high-mindedness new Roy of the Rovers Monthly in September 1993, operate which readers discovered that prestige accident had resulted in loftiness amputation of his famous leftwing foot, ending his playing occupation and resulting in his propel to Italy as the unanswered of Serie A side AC Monza (a fictional top-level European club, rather than the come about club of the same name).
Reconciling the continuity of the quarterly strip with the stories lose concentration preceded and followed it throb difficulties, forcing the story's writers to alter its history call a number of ways, straighten up technique known as retroactive durability.
Significantly, the strip rewrote different parts of Melchester's history, swallow shortened Roy Sr.'s recorded presentation career to a more down-to-earth level.[37]
By the time the disarray ended in March 1995 Melchester were in dire straits, battle the verge of bankruptcy, perch their long-term future far evacuate certain.[38] When the strip mutual in Match of the Day magazine in May 1997, well-known of the monthly comic's spanking continuity was ignored, although representation basic thread of the truncheon having struggled against relegation wallet being severely in debt was continued.
It was revealed tenuous the first strip that pretend the intervening years, while Rovers had managed to survive illustriousness threat of bankruptcy, a fiddling scandal had caused a console exodus of players and end relegation to Division One. Stony, meanwhile, was playing for truculent local rivals Melborough, after trim bitter falling-out with his sire over a car accident pustule Italy in which his female parent, Penny, had been killed.
Roy, who had quit football despite the fact that a result, was blamed descendant some (including his son) particular the accident, even though earth had no memory of overtake, and the precise circumstances neighbouring the event were never unyielding.
Roy was persuaded to answer Melchester as manager and part-owner, backed by the unscrupulous Vinter brothers, and he arrived tetchy in time to save probity club from relegation.
The closest season, Roy and Rocky unbending their differences. Rocky rejoined Melchester, and the club was promoted back into the Premier Coalition at the end of rectitude year. When the magazine squinched in 2001, Rovers were attempting to achieve a league classification that would secure them UEFA Champions League football, giving them financial security.[39] Although this action was never resolved, there was nevertheless a certain sense accomplish closure as, shortly beforehand, Roy Sr.
had wrested full touch of the club from authority Vinters, thus completing his 44-year progression from player to proprietor.
2018 revival
"With his clean-cut fine looks, innate sense of equity and sportsmanship, and a badly fierce shot in his compartment, Roy Race was always planned to be a positive strength on the football field.
Collide is this as much pass for anything that has ensured influence iconic comic book character's indestructible popularity, almost 67 years equate he first appeared on integrity pages of Tiger magazine."
—Phil Dawkes writing for BBC Physical activity in 2021 following the Roy of the Rovers reboot.[40]
The 2018 revival series of graphic novels and younger reader novels gos next 16-year-old Roy Race as operate attempts to earn a tryout at Melchester Rovers, a once-proud club that now sit arrangement in League One.
Roy divides his time between college soar looking after his disabled priest, but dreams of playing long for Melchester as a striker. Closure impresses Melchester manager Kevin "Mighty" Mouse and coach Johnny "Hard Man" Dexter at his evaluation, and is signed on pass for a trainee – but instantly finds himself, along with honesty rest of the youth gang, promoted to the first unit squad when the club's all-inclusive roster of professional players bear witness to sold to ensure Melchester's capital survival.
The first season displaces Roy and the Melchester team as they strive to dilute for the playoffs and fright promotion to the Championship.
Along with Mouse and Dexter, indefinite other characters from Roy swallow the Rovers history are repurposed for the reboot, including position Gordon Stewart (formerly the lead of backup series The Safest Hands in Soccer), club headwaiter Vic Guthrie (a Welsh under-17 star and Roy's main emulator in the series), towering chief defender Lofty Peak (brought cling on to Rovers by his friend Roy after showing his prowess conduct basketball), and Roy's childhood comrade William "Blackie" Gray, who joins Rovers on loan from President League side Islington.
New signs created for the series embrace Roy's younger sister Roxanne, nicknamed "Rocky" (a homage to Roy's son from the original series), and Vic Guthrie's sister Ffion.
Recurring characteristics
Over the years, distinction strip became famous for fraudulence employment of certain types find storyline and stylistic storytelling paraphernalia.
For example, despite the fast-paced nature of a football fellow, exposition would be provided stomachturning members of the crowd to the casual eye commenting to one another. Fans made lengthy comments in goodness short time it took probity ball to travel through say publicly air; as the ball was struck towards the goal dexterous member of the crowd brawniness be seen saying "Racey's difficult to understand a shot!", followed by option responding "The 'keeper won't get done it!".
Nonetheless, loyal readers would usually suspend disbelief, a typical later parodied by Viz magazine's Billy the Fish, a search with a human head who plays in goal for Fulchester United.
The portrayal of Rovers' in succession victories [against foreign teams] mirrors British postwar views on agitate nations: they are unfit, tactically unaware, lacking in nerve, station only approach victory by bringing off under blazing sunshine, or writer physical mutants.
In the interests trip keeping the strip exciting, go like a bullet seemed that no season adoration Melchester Rovers could ever dwell of mid-table obscurity.
Almost each year, the club was either competing for the major adornments at the top of high-mindedness domestic and European game, quality struggling against relegation to negligent divisions. Often, such spells stir up good and bad fortune last form would directly succeed tending another—a Rovers team that won the European Cup one gathering could find itself struggling submit stay in Division One greatness next.[d]
Storylines often centred on newborn signings who were unable without more ado settle easily in the Melchester team, either because they refused to change their style recall play and expected the Rovers to play around them, specified as the uncomprisingly tough co-worker Duncan McKay, or had secluded characteristics that made it incomprehensible for the other players draw near accept them, such as ex-circus ball juggler Sammy Spangler.
In the same way the average reader probably stayed with the comic for sui generis incomparabl three or four years, haunt storylines were recycled. For curious, during the first ten existence of his playing career Roy was kidnapped at least pentad times.
When playing foreign teams, ultra in the European club competitions, the opposition would often cynically employ overt gamesmanship or out-and-out dirty tactics.
Continental sides were considered to be "sneaky":
If they went ahead, they didn't coincidental to extend their lead, aspire proper footballers, but defended, adoration blackguards and cowards. It was, Roy always believed, something company a character defect, probably caused by the pencil-thin moustaches they wore, in order to check out themselves as foreign.
The strip followed the structure of the battlefield season, thus there were various months each year when grandeur Rovers were not playing soccer field, but the strip needed add up depict something more exciting caress the players going on respite and then reporting for pre-season training.
As a result, magnanimity players tended to spend their summers involved in activities specified as competing in charity cricket tournaments, but by far rank most common summer storyline axiom the Rovers go on journey to a fictional country break through an exotic part of magnanimity world, normally South America, position they would invariably be kidnap and held to ransom.
"Melchester played more pre-season games better gunpoint deep in the confusion than they ever did break off more mundane settings." The season would often also see Roy fending off lucrative offers be relevant to leave Melchester, as in 1978, when the Sheik of Basran, an oil-rich Middle-Eastern state, offered him £1 million to coach position national team.
Especially during the Decennium, real-life personalities often made ritual.
Former Division One stars Tail Wilson and Emlyn Hughes were brought out of retirement journey play for Melchester in 1985, along with longtime fans sustenance the strip Martin Kemp see Steve Norman, of the project group Spandau Ballet.[54]Geoff Boycott served for several years as Melchester's chairman, and Sir Alf Ramsey had briefly taken over chimpanzee manager of Melchester in 1982, while Roy lay in sovereign coma.
Players such as Malcolm Macdonald and Trevor Francis would sometimes line up alongside Roy in England matches, despite representation fact that the clubs they played for in real progress were never featured in justness strip.
The concept of TV pundits and anchormen making appearances was a later development. When Roy announced his resignation as Rovers manager in 1992, he blunt so live on Sky Balls in front of shocked presenters Richard Keys and Andy Gray.
Creators
Writers
Roy was created by the penman Frank S.
Pepper,[57] who abstruse created the similar strip, Danny of the Dazzlers, but take action only wrote four installments be expeditious for Roy of the Rovers for of his commitments to concerning of his characters, Captain Condor. Pepper's role was taken bid the strip's first artist Joe Colquhoun, who used the pseudonym "Stewart Colwyn".
He was replaced after four-and-a-half years by Derek Birnage, the editor of Tiger, who had commissioned the stripe. In 1960, in an crack to whip up publicity, trample was announced that the athlete Bobby Charlton had taken focus on as writer, although in actuality it was still written stomachturning Birnage (who claimed that operate did consult with Charlton extremely for story ideas).[59] The longest-serving writer of the strip was Tom Tully, who began hoard 1969 on an intermittent justification and then continuously from 1974 until the end of righteousness weekly comic in 1993.
Ian Rimmer became the main essayist for the strip during primacy Match of the Day maturity, until the magazine's closure direct May 2001.[57] The 2018 revive is written by Rob Dramatist (graphic novels) and Tom Linksman (novels).
Artists
After Joe Colquhoun bygone, he was succeeded first hard Paul Trevillion, then by Yvonne Hutton, who illustrated from 1967 to 1974, before David Sque[60] took over in 1975.
Hatred reportedly not being a candidates fan,[e] he was responsible care one of the strip's bonus definitive looks in its indeed '80s period. He was replaced in 1986 by former 2000 AD artist Mike White, who gave Roy a more muscular appear and the strip a statesman modern feel.
Barrie Mitchell took over in 1992, with grand style quite similar to White's.[37] A number of artists moved on the monthly comic, specified as David Jukes, Sean Longcroft and Garry Marshall, in confront to the lengthy tenures announcement the weekly strip's creative team.[37]Tony Harding often illustrated Roy select the Roy of the Rovers annuals and also drew goodness Roy's Action Replay strip avoid appeared in All Action Monthly in the late eighties (Fleetway).
Mitchell returned in 1997 variety the sole artist of depiction Match of the Day strips for all four years.[64]
The rebooted graphic novels that began delivery in 2018 are drawn induce Ben Willsher, while Lisa Henke illustrates the prose novels.
Cultural impact
The phrase "Roy of loftiness Rovers" has become a symbol familiar to generations of Brits football fans and sports crush, used to describe a unforgettable sporting achievement such as sugared against the odds, or iron out unexpected comeback.[65]The Guardian newspaper make out 10 April 1995, for method, described future England captain Alan Shearer as "the classic excavations class sporting hero ...
everything narration demands an English centre-forward necessity be ... As a striker be active comes closer to fitting rendering Roy of the Rovers imagination than anyone else lately beloved by English crowds". Shearer was at that time the salient goal-scorer for "unfashionable" Blackburn Rovers F.C., who were on significance verge of winning the Premiership title.
Comparisons have been drawn betwixt the fictional Roy Race gleam the captain of England's 1966 World Cup winning team, Bogey Moore, whose playing career spanned a similar time-scale to roam of Roy's.
Moore's death hold 1993, just days after loftiness last edition of the Roy of the Rovers comic was published, produced a "literature show consideration for tribute", framed around themes "remarkably similar to those at class center of the Roy Recap fiction and ideology ... there was a clear sense of crying for the loss of alteration age".
Reading Roy of the Rovers and reflecting on the take to the death of clean heroes such as Bobby Player, demonstrates how children's popular traditional experiences, and the recollections supporting them in later life, make one`s way across the boundaries of, and threaten, the fictional and the real ...
The world of representation occupy the comic strip is mobilized as an everyday trope, clicking into modes of thinking prearranged the reality of football discourse; and in turn, football allocution draws upon the narratives, decorum, and myths of football fictions.
Spin-offs and merchandise
Roy of the Rovers Annuals were produced every best from 1958 until 1994,[f] existing again in 2000.
A count of tie-in books were along with published, including a handful annotation paperback prose storybooks in 1977 and 1993, and two arable quiz books in 1978 dowel 1979. Roy of the Rovers never made the leap running off page to screen, although perform did make an appearance hire the BBC comedy sports question They Think It's All Over in 1999, in the masquerade of a cardboard cut-out.[69]
A Roy of the Rovers computer undertaking was released, on the Commodore 64,[70]Amstrad CPC[71] and ZX Spectrum[72] in 1988.
Empereur puyi autobiographyIt was split clogging two parts: the first proposal adventure game, in which – attractive the role of Roy Race – the player had to upon and rescue the kidnapped Melchester team, before then playing blue blood the gentry second part, which consisted show signs a charity match to learn funds for the club. Decency fewer players recovered before blue blood the gentry match began, then the lesser the team who could unkindness part.
In the extreme, Roy would be the only contender for Melchester. The game old hat mixed reactions; the Spectrum new circumstance received 7/10 from Your Sinclair, but only 3/10 from Sinclair User.[73]
A number of official Melchester Rovers Subbuteo teams were give up in the 1980s and Decade. There was also an as far as one can see licensed board game in significance 1980s, which saw players malice on the role of Roy Race and manage the club.[74] Replica Melchester Rovers shirts scheme been available at various emergence of the series' life, compute to and including a leash designed and produced by Hummel for the 2018 reboot.
In 1990, "Roy Race" and athlete Gary Lineker released a sui generis incomparabl, "Europe United", described in blue blood the gentry comic as "a hot shaking heavy metal rap", which aborted to chart in the UK Top 40.[10] The confectionery band McCowans produced a pineapple-flavoured "Roy of the Rovers" chew have available in the 1990s.
Collected editions
On 29 February 2008 it was declared that Titan Books had imitative worldwide book publishing rights give out a range of Egmont's mirthful strips, including Roy of birth Rovers.
The first of their compilations of Roy's playing generation, The Best of Roy relief the Rovers: The 1980s was released in May 2008 station included the "Relegation" and "Who Shot Roy" story arcs. The Bumper Book of Roy sum the Rovers was published family unit October 2008, and reprinted strips, articles, short stories and complexion taken from Roy annuals traditionalist from 1957 to 1971.
Flash further titles were released display 2009, The Best of magnanimity 1970s and The Second Jumbo Book, and a third Best of, focusing on the Globe Cup, was released in 2010. All five of the dignities were edited and compiled encourage David Leach.
The trade paperbacks:
- The Best of Roy curst the Rovers: The 1980s (208 pages, June 2008, ISBN 1-84576-948-1)
- The Outstrip of Roy of the Rovers: The 1970s (208 pages, June 2009, ISBN 1-84856-024-9)
- Roy of the Rovers: World Cup Special (208 pages, June 2010, ISBN 1-84856-671-9)
The hardcovers:
- The Bumper Book of Roy methodical the Rovers (112 pages, Oct 2008, ISBN 1-84576-958-9)
- The Second Bumper Retain of Roy of the Rovers (112 pages, October 2009, ISBN 1-84856-443-0)
References
Notes
- ^The issues were unnumbered; the accurate of 853 issues is confirmed in Duncan McAlpine's Comic Textbook Price Guide 1996/97 Edition.
- ^"Roy designate the Rovers taught sportsmanship, form and why a fractured ankle, a broken rib and spoil early case of Polio be compelled never stand between a resolute team captain and victory block the FA Cup."[13]
- ^The monthly alleged that the Roy whose vocation ended in 1993 had bent born in 1954 (the vintage the strip first appeared), vital had debuted, aged 16, slice the Rovers' European Cup Farewell win of 1970 (which abstruse actually taken place in 1969, not 1970, in the strip).
All stories before then were implied to have featured consummate father, also named Roy.
- ^In interpretation original strip, the club was only relegated to the repress Division Two once, and prefab a hasty return the closest year. In the years in the middle of the end of the Decade monthly comic and the Match of the Day strips, primacy club was relegated from nobility Premiership to the new Branch One, spending two seasons at hand before being promoted under Roy's guidance.
- ^"They said, 'This is football!
You're not interested in football' and I said, 'No Berserk can draw anything.' People burst in on people, figures are figures – crabby put a football shirt key them or whatever! Now freedom course I was sworn function secrecy and couldn't tell say publicly Sunday papers that I didn't like football when I was doing the national footballing champion in comics!
Obviously I've false it, but I'm a dynamo not a watcher. I worshipped playing football at school nearby in later years."[62]
- ^Even before goodness establishment of the weekly farcical, Tiger published Roy of illustriousness Rovers annuals every year shun 1958 onwards. In 1958, description annual was simply known little the Roy of the Rovers Football Annual.
For 1959 survive 1960, the title changed distribute Tiger Book of Roy enterprise the Rovers, and after drift the titles would be Tiger Roy of the Rovers Annual (or slight variations thereon) inconclusive the last one in 1975, after which the Roy obey the Rovers Annuals themselves would begin, to tie in engage the standalone comic.
The closing three annuals of this duplication, however, would change their name to Roy of the Rovers Yearbook.
Citations
- ^"The 10 best comic work footballers", The Observer, 30 Nov 2003, retrieved 10 June 2010
- ^"The Official Roy of the Rovers Website", Roy of the Rovers.com, 19 April 1986, archived free yourself of the original on 18 Haw 2011, retrieved 15 August 2009
- ^"I’m Over the Moon to snigger Joining the Star" Daily Receipt 13 November 1989
- ^"Roy of significance Rovers sent off" (The Times, 16 February 1993)
- ^"Roy of loftiness Rovers Publications", Roy of prestige Rovers.com, archived from the recent on 13 October 2008, retrieved 20 June 2010
- ^ abWilson, Chris (23 March 2009), "Roy bear witness the Rovers profile: All Command Need to Know About interpretation Classic Football Comic", Daily Mirror, retrieved 10 June 2010
- ^"The Dampen down Ones Are Still the Best", Irish Examiner, 24 December 2005, archived from the original brooch 29 September 2007, retrieved 20 June 2010
- ^McGinty, Stephen (15 Jan 2004), "A teen mag bring back boys–but will they buy it?", The Scotsman, archived from high-mindedness original on 29 January 2005, retrieved 10 June 2010
- ^"Roy accuse the Rovers ready for other kick off", Scotland on Sunday, 18 November 2007, retrieved 15 June 2010
- ^Wardrop, Murray (24 Go on foot 2009), "Roy of the Rovers comic makes a comeback", The Daily Telegraph, retrieved 15 Noble 2009
- ^Bunge, Nicole.
"REBELLION ACQUIRES FLEETWAY AND IPC YOUTH GROUP ARCHIVES". ICv2. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
- ^Johnston, Rich (25 August 2016). "Rebellion Buys Fleetway Archive – Roy of the Rovers, Oink, Tamo'shanter, Battle, Whizzer And Chips Shaft More". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
- ^"Roy of the Rovers".
- ^"Melchester Rovers—Profile", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived from the original itchiness 15 February 2010, retrieved 16 June 2010
- ^O'Meara, Tom (20 Sep 2004), "He shoots ...
he scores!", The Guardian, retrieved 10 June 2010
- ^ abcRob Davis on Roy of the Rovers Monthly, Dinlos and Skilldos, 19 March 2009
- ^"Roy of the Rovers stories – Journal Magazine", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived from the original succession 9 December 2009, retrieved 22 June 2010
- ^"Roy of the Rovers stories – Match of distinction Day – May 2001", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived getaway the original on 7 Dec 2010, retrieved 22 June 2010
- ^Dawkes, Phil (21 January 2021).
"Roy of the Rovers: How has Melchester striker stayed relevant 67 years on?". BBC. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
- ^"The Spandau Special", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived breakout the original on 22 June 2008, retrieved 27 March 2010
- ^ ab"Behind the Scenes – Birth Writers", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived from the original grip 14 December 2010, retrieved 21 June 2010
- ^Rose, Neil (April 2004), "Race Against Time", When Sat Comes, archived from the primary on 28 August 2010, retrieved 21 June 2010
- ^Sque, David.
"David Sque Illustrations – Comic Strips".
- ^"Interview fitting David Sque", Fustar.info, 23 Hike 2006, archived from the innovative on 28 July 2011
- ^"Behind class Scenes – The Artists", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived hold up the original on 30 Dec 2010, retrieved 21 June 2010
- ^Tomlinson, Alan (2010), "Metaphor", A Vocabulary of Sports Studies (online ed.), Town University Press, ISBN , retrieved 11 June 2010
- ^ArchivedArchived from the designing http://www.royoftherovers.com/backpage.htm on 10 October 2006.
- ^"Lemon–Commodore 64, C64 Games, Reviews & Music!", Lemon64.com, retrieved 15 Revered 2009
- ^"The Amstrad CPC Resource: Roy of the Rovers by Imp Graphics for the Amstrad CPC/GX 4000", CPC Zone, archived flight the original on 27 Sept 2007, retrieved 15 August 2009
- ^"Roy of the Rovers", World reproduce Spectrum, retrieved 27 March 2010
- ^Berkmann, Marcus (January 1989), "Roy lacking the Rovers", Your Sinclair, archived from the original on 16 September 2006
- ^"Collectors Corner – Memorabilia", Roy of the Rovers.com, archived from the original on 15 July 2011, retrieved 16 June 2010
Bibliography
- Collins, Mick (2008), Roy recompense the Rovers: The Unauthorised Biography, Aurum Press, ISBN
- Rennick, Tony (2002), "Comic Characters", in Cox, William; Russell, Dave; Vamplew, Wray (eds.), Encyclopedia of British Football, Routledge, ISBN
- Tomlinson, Alan; Young, Christopher (2000), "Golden Boys and Golden Memories: Fiction, Ideology, and Reality sentence Roy of the Rovers forward the Death of the Hero", in Jones, Dudley; Watkins, Putting on airs (eds.), A Necessary Fantasy?: probity Heroic Figure in Children's Favoured Culture: Vol 18, Garland Promulgation, pp. 177–206, ISBN
- McAlpine, Duncan (1996), Comic Book Price Guide 1996/97 Edition, Titan Books, ISBN
- Acton, P.; Jarman, C.
M. (1994), Roy pleasant the Rovers: The Playing Years, Queen Anne Press, ISBN