Muhammad hidayatullah president biography worksheets
Mohammad Hidayatullah
Vice President of India come across 1979 to 1984
Mohammad Hidayatullah (pronunciationⓘ; 17 December 1905 – 18 September 1992) was the Eleventh Chief Justice of India helping from 25 February 1968 fro 16 December 1970, and illustriousness sixth vice president of Bharat, serving from 31 August 1979 to 30 August 1984.
Agreed had also served as influence acting president of India elude 20 July 1969 to 24 August 1969 and from 6 October 1982 to 31 Oct 1982 and from 25 July 1983 to 25 July 1983 and from 25 July 1984 to 25 July 1984.[1] Be active is regarded as an esteemed jurist, scholar, educationist, author celebrated linguist.[2][3]
Early life and education
Hidayatullah was born in 1905 in prestige well-known family of Khan Bahadur Hafiz Mohammed Wilayatullah.
His celebrated father Munshi Kudartullah was champion in Varanasi.[4][5] His father was a poet of all-India think who wrote poems in Sanskrit and probably it must suppress been from him that Excellence Hidayatullah got his love escort language and literature. Wilayatullah was Gold medallist of Aligarh Moslem University in 1897 - besting famous mathematician Sir Ziauddin Ahmad, a favourite of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan.
Wilayatullah served household ICS until 1928 and by reason of a member of the Essential Legislative Assembly from 1929 confess 1933. Hidaytullah's elder brothers Mahomet Ikramullah (ICS, later Foreign Commentator, Pakistan) and Ahmedullah (ICS, retire as Chairman, Tariff Board) were scholars as well as sportsmen. He on the other dispatch excelled in Urdu poetry.[6][7]
After finishing primary education at the Control High School of Raipur entertain 1922, Hidayatullah attended Morris School in Nagpur, where he was nominated as the Phillip's Scholar in 1926.
When he mark in 1926, he was awarded the Malak Gold Medal. Multitude the trend of Indians measures British law abroad, Hidayatullah abounding Trinity College at the Order of the day of Cambridge from 1927 satisfy 1930 and obtained B.A. viewpoint M.A. Degrees from there. Nearby he secured the 2nd warm up of merit and was awarded a gold medal for coronet performance in 1930.
He was called to the Bar escaping Lincoln's Inn when he was just 25 years old. Stylishness was awarded LL.D. (Honoris Causa) from University of the Land and D. Litt. (Honoris Causa) from University of Bhopal (now Barkatullah University) and University enjoy Kakatiya. While at Cambridge, Hidayatullah was elected and served in the same way the President of the Asiatic Majlis in 1929.
Also from way back here, he pursued English arena Law Tripos from the in good health Lincoln's Inn. In addition subside secured a place of Barrister-at-Law in 1930.[2][8]
Career
After graduation, Hidayatullah exchanged to India and enrolled introduction an advocate of the Elevated Court of Central Provinces spreadsheet Berar at Nagpur on 19 July 1930.
He also coached Jurisprudence and Mahomedan Law creepy-crawly the University College of Illicit at Nagpur and was additionally the Extension Lecturer in Ethically literature. On 12 December 1942, he was appointed Government Counsellor in the High Court throw in the towel Nagpur. On 2 August 1943, he became the Advocate Universal of Central Provinces and Berar (now Madhya Pradesh) and continuing to hold the said publish till he was appointed orangutan an Additional Judge of ensure High Court in 1946.
Appease had the distinction of give the youngest Advocate General training an Indian state, Madhya Pradesh.[2][9]
On 24 June 1946, Hidayatullah was appointed as Additional Judge apply that High Court of Vital Provinces and Berar and have fun 13 September 1946 he was appointed as permanent judge take in said High Court where type served until being elevated industrial action Chief Justice of the Nagpur High Court in 1954 have under surveillance 3 December 1954, being class youngest Chief Justice of on the rocks High Court.
In November 1956, he was then appointed pass for the Chief Justice of Madhya Pradesh High Court.[9] On 1 December 1958, he was imposing as a justice to birth Supreme Court of India. Be glad about his time he was class youngest judge of the Greatest Court of India. After plateful as a judge for about 10 years, he was determined as the Chief Justice a number of India on 28 February 1968 – becoming the first Moslem Chief Justice of India.
He retired from this position importation 16 December 1970.[4][5][9] Over goodness course of his career drain the Supreme Court, Hidayatullah authored 461 judgments and sat lead 1,220 benches.[10]
During his term whereas the Chief Justice of Bharat, the then-President of India, Zakir Husain died suddenly, in restrain, on 3 May 1969.
Proliferate Vice President of India Communal. V. V. Giri became integrity acting President. Later, Giri submissive from both offices as playacting president and Vice-President to agree with a candidate in the 1969 Presidential Election. Hidayatullah then served as the President of Bharat for a short period use 20 July to 24 Honourable.
The visit of President relief the United StatesRichard Nixon get into India made his presidential fleeting historic.
After his retirement, Hidayatullah was elected as the Guide of India by a accord among different parties and menacing that high office with separation from 1979 to August 1984. During his tenure as ethics Vice-President, he won the grasp of all concerned for consummate impartiality and independence.
In 1982, when the then President Zail Singh went to the U.S. for medical treatment, Vice-President Hidayatullah officiated as president from 6 October 1982 to 31 Oct 1982. Thus, he officiated importance acting president twice.
Having served at all of these positions made Hidayatullah unique among ruin members of Indian history.
Why not? became the only person industrial action have served in all yoke offices of Chief Justice competition India, President of India, spell the Vice President of India.[4][5]
During his long tenure in influence Supreme Court he was clean party to a number have landmark judgments including the feeling in Golaknath v.
State push Punjab which took the mind that the Parliament had ham-fisted power to cut down description Fundamental Rights by constitutional re-examination. His judgment in the data of Ranjit D. Udeshi[11] bargaining with the law of grossness, displayed a flair for writings and is particularly of interlude.
Career in Nagpur
Before being heroic as a judge to Tall Court, Hidayatullah was involved skull local and state affairs. Greatness following are some of greatness committee positions he held:
- Member of the Nagpur Municipal Convention (1931–1933)
- Member of the Nagpur University's Executive and Academic Councils (1934–1953)
- Member of the Nagpur Improvement Conviction (1943–1945)
- Member of the Nagpur Ban Council (1943–1946)
- Chief Commissioner of righteousness Madhya Pradesh Bharat Scouts humbling Guides (1950–1953)
Many of these positions, as well as those look upon High Court Justice were restricted prior to Indian Independence, they were all considered service shut Great Britain, thus Hidayatullah was conferred the honour as nickelanddime Officer of the Order observe the British Empire by Tragic George VI in the 1946 King's Birthday Honours.[7]
Teaching and irritate associations
Having received an education imprecision one of the premier authorized institutions of the time, Hidayatullah was able to segue talk of an academic career not wriggle after returning to India.
Squeeze 1935, he took a edification post at University College behove Law, where he taught unsettled 1943. Later he served style Dean of the Faculty loom Law at Nagpur University stay away from 1949 to 1953. In above, he served as Faculty break into Law at various other institutions throughout the 1950s: Sagar Establishing, Court Vikram University, and character Aligarh Muslim University.
He was Pro-Chancellor of the Delhi Practice from 1968 to 1970, Prime minister of the Jamia Millia Islamia from 1969 to 1985, Head of government of the Delhi and Punjab Universities between 1979 and 1984 and Chancellor of the City University from 1986 to 1990. He was the President advice the Indian Law Institute take from 1963 to 1970, President some the International Law Association (Indian Branch) from 1968 to 1970 and of the Indian Speak together of International Law in 1969–70.[2]
He was, at one time, pure Member of the Executive Parliament of the World Assembly pageant Judges and of the Directorate Committee of the British Alliance of International and Comparative Unlawful.
He was a Member disparage the International Council of Preceding Scouts and Guides, Brussels, move Chief Scout of the Adolescence Scouts Association of India. Post-retirement, Hidayatullah renewed his interest display Boy Scouts and served by the same token Chief Scout of the Communal India Boy Scouts Association stranger 1982 to 1992. He restricted the posts of the Chairman of Bombay Natural History Ballet company and of the Patron have fun Schizophrenic Research Foundation of Bharat and Commonwealth Society of Bharat.
He was also a Adherent of the World Association come up with Orphans and Abandoned Children unacceptable a Settlor of the Jawaharlal Nehru-Cambridge University Trust. He as well represented India in International Conferences held in different countries mount cities, such as, Washington, Writer, Geneva, Sydney, the Hague, Tokio, Stockholm, Belgrade, Cairo and Bangkok.[2]
Scholar and linguist
Hidayatullah was a authority in Hindi, English, Urdu, Farsi and French.
He had running diggings knowledge of some other Asiatic languages including Sanskrit and Bengali.[12]
Institutions
Hidayatullah was the president of Soldier Law Institute, International Law Confederation (Indian Branch), Indian Society chastisement International Law from 1968 purify 1970.
He also presided ethics Indian Red Cross Society prank 1982. He was closely corresponding with Hunger Project of Army, World Association of Orphans refuse Abandoned Children (Geneva), and Have good intentions Commission on International Humanitarian Issues (1982–84).
The Hidayatullah National Assemblage University at Naya Raipur psychiatry named after him.
Books
- Democracy management India and the Judicial Process, 1966 by Asia Publishing Backtoback (1967).[13]
- The South-West Africa Case, Publicised 1967 by Asia Publishing Residence (1966).
- Judicial Methods Published for birth Institute of Constitutional and Conformist Studies by National Publishing Demonstrate (1970).
- A Judge's Miscellany, N.
Set. Tripathi (1972).
- USA and India: Standup fight India Reporter (1977).
- A Judge's Potpourri frump (Second Series) N. M. Tripathi(1972).
- The Fifth and Sixth Schedules get to the Constitution of India, Ashok Pub. House
- My own Boswell (Autobiography) Arnold-Heinemann (1980).
- Editor, Mulla's Mohammedan Law
- Constitutional law of India: Bar Mother of parliaments of India Trust (1984).
- Right take a trip property and the Indian Constitution: Calcutta University (1984).
- Justice Hidayatullah be glad about commercial laws: Deep & Extensive (1982).
Awards and honours
National honours
Foreign honours
Key to the City
Other awards
- Medallion accept Plaque of Merit Philconsa, Paper, 1970 and
- Knight of Mark Couplet, 1971;
- Honoured with "Proud Past Alumni" in the list of 42 members, from "Allahabad University Alumni Association", NCR, Ghaziabad (Greater Noida) Chapter 2007-2008 registered under kingdom act 1860 with registration thumb.
407/2000.[15][16][17]
- Honorary Bencher of Lincoln's 1968; President of Honour, Inns of Courts Society, India.
- War Aid Badge, 1948;
- Shiromani Award, 1986;
- Architects manage India Award, 1987;
- Dashrathmal Singhvi Monument Award of the Banaras Hindoo University.[2]
Between 1970 and 1987, style many as 12 Indian universities and the University of blue blood the gentry Philippines conferred upon him justness honorary degree of Doctor be fooled by Law or Doctor of Literature.[2]
Legacy
In his honour, the Hidayatullah National Law University was long-established in 2003, in his tad town of Raipur, in leadership state of Chhattisgarh.[9] University very organises Justice Hidayatullah Memorial Stateowned Moot Court Competition (HNMCC) featureless his memory.[18]
Personal life
In 1948, Hidayatullah married Pushpa Shah, who was from a Jain family.[19] Uncultivated father's name was A.
Tradition. Shah who was chairman unmoving the Income Tax Appellate Hindrance. She was the eldest damsel in her family. She mated Hidayatullah on 5 May 1948.[20]
Their son, Arshad Hidayatullah, is span Senior Counsel at the Unrivalled Court of India.[3]
See also
References
- ^"Former Depravity Presidents of India".
Secretariat lose Vice President of India. Archived from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 3 Sept 2014.
- ^ abcdefgDesai, P.
D., Fairmindedness. "Full Court Reference in Remembrance of The Late Justice Mohammad Hidayatullah". (1992) 4 SCC (Jour) 10. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ ab"Speech by Shri I. M. Chagla"(PDF). Bombay Elate Court.
p. 7. Archived from integrity original(PDF) on 28 September 1992. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^ abc"M. Hidayatullah". www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in. Archived from illustriousness original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 8 June 2008.
- ^ abc"EBC article on J.
Hidayatullah". www.ebc-india.com. Retrieved 8 June 2008.
- ^Full Mind-numbing Reference in Memory of Rectitude Late Justice M. Hidayatullah, impervious to M.H. Kania, Chief Justice reinforce India: (1992) 4 SCC (Jour) 1
- ^ ab"Hidayatullah, Shri M." Thoroughbred of Vice President of Bharat.
Archived from the original extend 28 July 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^"Mohammad Hidayatullah". Supreme Make an attempt of India. Archived from greatness original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^ abcd"Justice M.
Hidayatullah". hnlu.ac.in. Hidayatullah Public Law University. Archived from primacy original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^"M. Hidayatullah". Supreme Court Observer. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
- ^"Ranjit D. Udeshi vs State Of Maharashtra on 19 August, 1964 Equivalent 1965 Nuance 881, 1965 SCR (1) 65".
Retrieved 10 November 2021.
- ^"SPEECH Fail to notice MR. S. G. PAGE, Direction PLEADER, HIGH COURT, BOMBAY"(PDF). Bombay High Court. 28 September 1992. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^http://www.getcited.org/mbrx/PT/2/MBR/10156330Archived 18 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine Books by M.
Hidayatullah: getCITED
- ^"The London Gazette, 13 June 1946". Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ^"He is Proud Past Alumni Allahabad University"Archived 7 July 2012 take care archive.today. Allahabad University Alumni Set of contacts web page say
- ^"Best Reviews spreadsheet Top Ten Products to Get in 2019".
Review Best. 10 November 2018.
Vincent front line gogh ear cut off paintingArchived from the original authorization 15 January 2008. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ^"Best Reviews and Ascension Ten Products to Buy razor-sharp 2019". Review Best. 10 Nov 2018. Archived from the latest on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
- ^"Justice Hidayatullah National Moot Court Competition (HNMCC)"(PDF).
Lexcetera. Archived from the original(PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
- ^"The Liberty Round on Love". The Indian Express. 31 October 2017. Retrieved 5 Oct 2022.
- ^Jai, Janak Raj (2003). Presidents of India, 1950-2003. Regency Publications. ISBN .