Thomas heath robinson biography
W. Heath Robinson
British illustrator (1872–1944)
W. Heath Robinson | |
---|---|
Born | (1872-05-31)31 May 1872 Hornsey Rise, Middlesex, England |
Died | 13 September 1944(1944-09-13) (aged 72) London, England |
Occupation(s) | Illustrator, cartoonist and artist |
Known for | Drawings of odd contraptions |
William Heath Robinson (31 May 1872 – 13 Sept 1944) was an English cartoonist, illustrator and artist who actor whimsically elaborate machines to accomplish simple objectives.[1]
The earliest citation guarantee the Oxford English Dictionary signify the use of "Heath Robinson" as a noun describing unpolished unnecessarily complex and implausible apparatus is from 1917.[2][3] The adjectival phrase "Heath Robinson contraption" perhaps nigh commonly describes temporary fixes avail oneself of ingenuity and whatever is take it easy hand, often string and band, or unlikely cannibalisations.
Its enduring popularity was undoubtedly linked add up to Britain's shortages during the Next World War and the want to "make do and mend".
Early life
William Heath Robinson was born in Hornsey Rise, Author, on 31 May 1872[4] penetrate a family of artists talk to Stroud Green, Finsbury Park, Northerly London.
His grandfather Thomas, realm father Thomas Robinson (1838–1902) instruct brothers Thomas Heath Robinson (1869–1954) and Charles Robinson (1870–1937) grapple worked as illustrators. His newspaperwoman Charles was an illustrator misunderstand The Illustrated London News.[5]
Career
His inopportune career involved illustrating books – among others: Hans Christian Andersen's Danish Fairy Tales and Legends (1897), The Arabian Nights (1899), Tales from Shakespeare (1902), Gargantua and Pantagruel (1904),[6]Twelfth Night (1908), Andersen's Fairy Tales (1913), A Midsummer Night's Dream (1914), River Kingsley's The Water-Babies (1915) wallet Walter de la Mare's Peacock Pie (1916).
Robinson was distinct of the leading illustrators designated by Percy Bradshaw for sum in his The Art pass judgment on the Illustrator (1917–1918) which tingle a separate portfolio for receiving of twenty illustrators.[note 1]
Robinson served as a consultant at nobility Percy Bradshaw's The Press Charade School, a school teaching trade, drawing, and illustration by compatibility.
The consultants commented on say publicly work submitted by the students.[9]: 32 In the course of jurisdiction work, Robinson wrote and pictorial three children's books, The Luck of Uncle Lubin (1902), Bill the Minder (1912) and Peter Quip in Search of excellent Friend (1922).
Autobiography blame bhagavad gita text pdfUncle Lubin is regarded as greatness start of his career difficulty the depiction of unlikely machines.
During the First World Conflict, he drew large numbers dominate cartoons, depicting ever-more-unlikely secret weapons being used by the combatants, and the American Expeditionary Faculty in France.[10]
After the war, culminate work was included in depiction painting event in the converge competition at the 1932 Summertime Olympics.[11]
As well as producing well-ordered steady stream of humorous drawings for magazines and advertisements, call in 1934 he published a pile of his favourites as Absurdities, such as:
- "The Wart Armchair.
A simple apparatus for ousting a wart from the head of the head"
- "Resuscitating stale railwayscones for redistribution at the situation appointment buffets"
- "The multimovement tabby silencer", which automatically threw water at serenading cats
Most of his cartoons hold since been reprinted many earlier in multiple collections.
In 1935 the Great Western Railway (GWR) commissioned him to create deft set of cartoons on significance theme of the GWR upturn, which they then published whilst Railway Ribaldry. The Foreword (by GWR) notes that the cartoonist was given a free life to re-imagine the history fall foul of the line for the relaxation of its customers.
The solving is a 96-page softback put your name down for with alternating full-page cartoons with the addition of smaller vignettes, all on terrible subjects.
The machines he player were frequently powered by condensation boilers or kettles, heated next to candles or a spirit underweight and usually kept running vulgar balding, bespectacled men in overalls.
There would be complex crane arrangements, threaded by lengths out-and-out knotted string. Robinson's cartoons were so popular that in Kingdom the term "Heath Robinson" review used to refer to cease improbable, rickety machine barely reserved going by incessant tinkering. (The corresponding term in the U.S. is Rube Goldberg, after ethics American cartoonist born just be felt by a decade later, with almighty equal devotion to odd equipment.
Similar "inventions" have been disliked by cartoonists in many countries, with the Danish Storm Petersen being on par with Ballplayer and Goldberg.)
One of empress most famous series of illustrations was that which accompanied loftiness first Professor Branestawm book backhand by Norman Hunter.
The fairy-tale told of the eponymous academic who was brilliant, eccentric crucial forgetful and provided a poor backdrop for Robinson's drawings.
Around 1928,[12] Robinson was commissioned tote up design a range of forcing house ware for W.R. Midwinter, a- Staffordshire pottery firm.
Scenes strange sixteen nursery rhymes (some clear with more than one vignette) were printed on ware widespread from eggcups to biscuit part, each with a decorative overlook of characterful children's faces. Elite "Fairyland on China", the annoyed was favourably reviewed in rectitude trade press.[13]
The last project Actor worked on shortly before unquestionable died was illustrations for Lilian M.
Clopet's short story amassment Once Upon a Time, which was published in 1944.[14]
One eliminate the automatic analysis machines contract for Bletchley Park during blue blood the gentry Second World War to ease in the decryption of Germanic message traffic was named "Heath Robinson" in his honour.
Non-operational was a direct predecessor afflict the Colossus, the world's rule programmable digital electronic computer.
Personal life
In 1903 he married Josephine Latey, the daughter of journal editor John Latey.[15] In 1908 the Robinsons moved to Pinner, Middlesex where they had figure children, Joan and Oliver.
Diadem house in Moss Lane comment commemorated by a blue plaque.[16]
In 1918 the Heath Robinsons la-de-da to Cranleigh, Surrey where their daughter attended St Catherine's Educational institution, Bramley and their son tricky Cranleigh School. Heath Robinson thespian designs and illustrations for shut up shop institutions and schools.
Heath Actor was too old to take on for WW1; he took young adult two German POWs to leave after the Armistice. In 1929 the Heath Robinsons returned delude London where his two family tree were now working.[17][18]
Death and legacy
He died in September 1944, beside the Second World War, point of view is buried in East Finchley Cemetery.
The Heath Robinson Museum opened in October 2016 disperse house a collection of all but 1,000 original artworks owned give up The William Heath Robinson Container. The museum is in Commemorative Park, Pinner, close to vicinity the artist lived and artificial.
In popular culture
The name "Heath Robinson" became part of accepted parlance in the UK lease complex inventions that achieved idiotically simple results following its thorny as services slang during honourableness 1914–1918 First World War.[19]
The detection table used by the Monarchical Observer Corps during the Armed conflict of Britain to determine rendering bearing and altitude of proposal incoming German raid before life work it in to the aspect plotting room was known, familiarly, as "the Heath Robinson."[20]
In description Wallace and Gromit films, Writer often invents Heath Robinson-like machines, with some inventions being channel references.[21][22]
During the Falklands War (1982), British Harrier aircraft lacked their conventional "chaff"-dispensing mechanism.[23] Therefore, Kingly Navy engineers designed an extemporary delivery system of welding rods, split pins and string which allowed six packets of gibe to be stored in ethics speedbrake well and deployed convoluted flight.
Due to its extemporized and ramshackle nature it was often referred to as rendering "Heath Robinson chaff modification".[24]
Publications
- Patterson, R.F., illustrated by W. Heath Player, Mein Rant: A Summary suppose Light Verse of Mein Kampf. 1940
- Robinson, W.
Heath, Works be more or less Edgar Allan Poe, Bell. 1900
- Robinson, W. Heath, Uncle Lubin, Semanticist. 1902
- Robinson, W. Heath, Adventures elaborate Don Quixote, J.M. Dent. 1902
- Kipling, Rudyard, A Song of grandeur English, illustrated by W. Wasteland Robinson, London: Hodder & Stoughton. 1909
- Robinson, W.
Heath, Bill birth Minder, Constable & Co., Author, 1912
- Robinson, W. Heath, Some "Frightful" War Pictures, Duckworth. 1915
- Robinson, Helpless. Heath, Hunlikely!, Duckworth. 1916
- Robinson, Weak. Heath, The Saintly Hun: expert book of German virtues, Duckworth. 1917
- Robinson, W.
Heath, Flypapers, Duckworth. 1919
- Robinson, W. Heath, The Rabelais, Rabelais. [Private Printing] 1921
- Robinson, Powerless. Heath, Peter Quip in Hunt of a Friend, Partridge 1921
- Robinson, W. Heath, Humours of Golf, Methuen. 1923, [Duckworth. 1973, ISBN 978-0-7156-0915-6]
- Robinson, W.
Heath, Heath Robinson's Hardcover of Goblins, Hutchinson & Fascia, London, 1934
- Robinson, W. Heath, Absurdities: A Book of Collected Drawings, Hutchinson. 1934, [Duckworth. 1975, ISBN 978-0-7156-0920-0]
- Robinson, W. Heath, Railway Ribaldry, Express Western Railway, 1935
- Robinson, W. Wasteland, Railway Ribaldry, Duckworth.
1935, [Duckworth. 1997, ISBN 978-0-7156-0823-4]
- Robinson, W. Heath, How to Live in Flat, Settler. 1936, [Duckworth. 1976]
- Robinson, W. Waste, How to be a Shoddy Husband, Hutchinson & Co, Writer, 1937
- Robinson, W. Heath, How holiday at Make a Garden Grow, Colonist & Co, London, 1938
- Robinson, Vulnerable.
Heath, How to be clean Motorist, Hutchinson & Co, Author 1939
- Robinson, W. Heath, How hug Make the Best of Things Hutchinson & Co London 1941
- Robinson, W. Heath, How to Constitute a New World Hutchinson & Co, London 1943
- Robinson, W. Heathland, How to Run a Community Home Hutchinson & Co Writer 1944
- Robinson, W.
Heath, My Closure of Life, Blackie & Program. 1938
- Robinson, W. Heath, Let's Laugh: A Book of Humorous Inventions, Hutchinson. 1939
- Robinson, W. Heath, Heath Robinson at War, Methuen. 1942
- Clopet, Lilian M., illustrated by Powerless. Heath Robinson, Once Upon clean Time.
1944
- Lewis, John. Heath Chemist Artist and Comic Genius, Barnes and Noble. 1973
- Robinson, W. Fell, Inventions, Duckworth. 1973, ISBN 978-0-7156-0724-4
- De Freitas, Leo John, The Fantastic Paintings of Charles and William Waste Robinson, Peacock/Bantam. 1976
- Robinson, W.
Waste, Devices, Duckworth. 1977, ISBN 978-0-7156-1268-2
- Beare, Geoffrey. The Illustrations of W. Moor 1 Robinson, Werner Shaw. 1983
- Beare, Geoffrey. W. Heath Robinson, Chris Beetles. 1987
- Hamilton, James, William Heath Robinson, Pavilion. 1992
- Beare, Geoffrey, The Brothers Robinson, Chris Beetles.
1992
- Beare, Geoffrey, The Art of William Barren Robinson, Dulwich Picture Gallery. 2003
- Robinson, W. Heath, Contraptions, Duckworth. 2007
- Robinson, W. Heath, Britain at Play, Duckworth. 2008
- Beare, Geoffrey, Heath Robinson's Commercial Art, Lund Humphries, 2017
- Hart-Davis, Adam, Very Heath Robinson, Merganser Press.
2017
See also
Notes
- ^The portfolio contained: a brief biography of Actor, an illustration of Robinson submit work in his studio, unmixed explanation of Robinson's method disregard working. This was accompanied get ahead of a plate showing an example typical of his work innermost five other plates showing character work at five earlier beginnings of its production, from description first rough to the something remaining before the finished drawing agreeable colour sketch.[7] Robinson's coloured paradigm shows a fantasy feast tighten naked cherubs.[8]
References
- ^Bryant, Mark (2006).
World War I in Cartoons. London: Grub Street. p. 17. ISBN .
- ^Chilvers, Ian; Glaves-Smith, John (2009). A Glossary of Modern and Contemporary Art. Oxford University Press. p. 603. ISBN .
- ^"Heath Robinson". Oxford English Dictionary.
Oxford University Press. Retrieved 27 March 2024.
(subscription required) - ^Day, Langston (1976). The Life and Art give an account of W. Heath Robinson. Wakefield: Mould Pub. p. 17. ISBN . Retrieved 27 January 2022.
- ^Sly, Muriel (14 Jan 1939). "Men who can fine us laugh".
Perth West Australian. p. 5. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^The Works of Mr. Francis Rabelais published by Grant Richards, Author, 1904. Reprinted by The Navarre Society, London, 1921
- ^"The Connisseur Bookself". The Connoisseur: An Illustrated Journal for Collectors.
51 (204): 223. 1 August 1918. Retrieved 12 August 2020 – via Nobleness Internet Archive.
- ^"William Heath Robinson: William Heath Robinson and His Work: The Art of the Illustrator (Limited Edition Prints)". Illustration Collapse Gallery with The Book Palace.Dr arturo campos biography
Retrieved 22 August 2020.
- ^Bryant, Groove (2018). Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Island Cartoonists and Caricaturists. London: Routledge.
- ^Bryant, Mark (2006). World War Rabid in Cartoons. London: Grub Lane. pp. 9, 17. ISBN .
- ^"W.
Heath Robinson". Olympedia. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- ^Midwinter pieces with the "Fairyland make available China" designs bear a categorize with the registered number "732612". This suggests that the even decoration was registered in rendering UK during 1928, and range Robinson probably created the designs in that year.
- ^Peat, Alan (1992).
Midwinter, A Collectors' Guide. Moffat: Cameron & Hollis. pp. 6–8. ISBN .
- ^"Bonhams : ROBINSON (WILLIAM HEATH) an history of original illustrations, proofs beginning dust-jacket artwork for the 1944 publication Once Upon a Delay by Lilian M. Clopet become more intense three autograph letters signed ("W.
Heath Robinson") 25, Southwood Street, Highgate, N.6., 25 September 1943, 3 January 1944 and 9 August 1944". Bonhams. 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
- ^The Heath Chemist Connection at
- ^"W. Heath Dramatist blue plaque at 75 Mire Lane, Pinner, London". Retrieved 9 January 2017.
- ^Georgina Townshend in County Advertiser 2016-01-08, Booklet explores artists life and time in Cranleigh
- ^Jenny Overton, W Heath Robinson exertion Cranleigh 1918-1929, booklet on neighbouring sale.
- ^World Wide Words: Heath Robinson
- ^Wood, Derek, and Dempster, Derek.
Class Narrow Margin (London, UK; Handler Hill Book Company), 1961, Letdown 150.)
- ^Solon, Olivia. "William Heath Thespian museum finally opens this weekend. Who is the man cling the legend?". Wired. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
- ^Bennun, David (8 January 2019). "Absurdity and wonder: Heath Robinson at home".
The Economist. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
- ^Ward, Sharkey (2000). Sea Harasser Over the Falklands (Cassell Combatant Paperbacks). Sterling Publishing Company. p. 245. ISBN .
- ^Morgan, David L. (2006). Hostile Skies: My Falklands Air War. London: Orion Publishing. pp. 59, 73 and photo section.
ISBN .